渤海湾西北岸1974～2010年逐年填海造陆进程分析  

Annual Processes of Land Reclamation from the Sea Along the Northwest Coast of Bohai Bay During 1974 to 2010

作　　者：朱高儒[1] 许学工[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学院,地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《地理科学》2012年第8期1006-1012,共7页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(40830746)资助

摘　　要：自20世纪70年代以来,渤海湾西北岸陆续实施了大量填海工程,形成了目前中国最大的人工填海造陆区,有必要对其进行精确和连续的监测与分析。以1974～2010年逐年MSS/TM/ETM影像为主要数据源,利用RS/GIS技术,分析了研究区填海造陆的动态空间分布和数量变化特性。36 a间,研究区共填海901.7 km2,主要在滩涂和近海进行,海岸线长度从1974年的224.9 km增长到2010年的536.7 km,填海区的重心总体上从东北向西南方向迁移了26.3 km。将研究期细分为5个阶段进行深入分析发现:研究区海岸线长度增量与填海造陆规模呈正相关关系;填海利用方式经历了盐田为主→盐田和水产养殖相结合→港口和临港工业为主的发展历程;以天津港和曹妃甸港及各自的临港工业区为填海造陆中心和副中心的格局已经形成。From 1970s, many projects 0f land reclamation from the sea were implemented in the northwest coast of Bohai Bay successively. Therefore this region becomes the biggest zone of artificial land reclamation from the sea in China at present. It is necessary to monitor and analyze these changes accurately and continuously. Using the annual MSS/TM/ETM images from 1974 to 2010 and based on comprehensive analysis of GIS and RS, the spatial variance and quantitative changes of land reclamation from the sea in the study area were obtained. During the past 36 years, the main land increased 901.7 km2 which mainly reclaimed from tidal flat and offshore. The coastline increased from 224.9 km in 1974 to 536.7 km in 2010 and the barycenter of to- tal reclamation area transferred 26.3 km from northeast to southwest continuously. Then, 5 phases were divided based on the annual change of land reclamation and some results could be concluded as follow. 1） the incre- ment of coastline length was positively correlated with annual reclamation area. 2） the aim of land reclamation from the sea experienced several development courses： ＂saltern-oriented＂ ---＂combining saltern and aquacul- ture＂---＂combining port and port-vicinity industry＂. 3） Tianjin Port with its port-vicinity industry zones and Caofeidian Port with its port-vicinity industry zones became the center and sub-center of land reclamation from the sea respectively.

关 键 词：填海造陆逐年海岸线RSGIS渤海湾西北岸 

分 类 号：P737.1[天文地球—海洋地质]