希伯来圣经的“正典化”探究  

A Review of the “Canonization”of the Hebrew Bible

作　　者：陈贻绎[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学外国语学院,北京1000871 [2]上海交通大学人文艺术研究院研究员,北京1000871

出　　处：《世界历史》2012年第4期88-97,160,共10页World History

基　　金：教育部高等学校人文社会科学重点研究基地--东方学研究中心“‘古代近东教谕文学’项目”(项目批准号:06JJD75011-44001);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地--山东大学犹太教与跨宗教研究中心招标课题“‘希伯来圣经研究’项目”(项目批准号:2009JJD730002);教育部人文社会科学后期资助项目“圣经文学的内涵和外延”(项目批准号:10JHQ040);国家社科基金项目“希伯来圣经文学的古代近东背景研究”(项目批准号:10CWW025)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：本文基于一手文本文献和前人研究成果,对希伯来圣经"正典化"是在一次所谓的"雅布内会议"中进行的这一学术界曾经比较通行的假说进行了评析,并提出了一个关于希伯来圣经成典的创新观点:即历史上很可能并不存在一个,或一系列事件,对希伯来圣经进行最终的内容上和结构上的审定。根据我们目前所掌握的有限的历史材料,我们认为,大概由于当时基督教旧约已经成典,基督教不断壮大,犹太社群为了求异,选取了一个当时包含基督教教义相关作品较少的,并使用了与基督教旧约版本不同排列顺序的希伯来圣经版本作为犹太教信徒使用的标准版本。Based on relevant original documentation and predecessors' academic documents,the article criticizes the hypothesis,which is still popular view in academic circle,that the canonization of the Hebrew Bible was made during the so called Council of Jamnia(Yavneh).Subsequently,the author raised an innovative of view,i.e.,most likely,there was not one single Hebrew Bible canonization event,nor a series of such events resulting in the finalization of Hebrew content and structure.Why it was accepted by all Jews today whose content and structure based on the current that of Masoret.Based on the finite historical evidence on hand,the final Masoretic version was likely the outcome of the need by the Jewish communities to differentiate themselves from Christians,who became more prominent.The Jews decided to adopt a version of the Hebrew Bible that had less Christian theology themes and with a different internal order from the Christian Old Testament as their religious Canon for the use of Judaist.

关 键 词：希伯来圣经 “正典化” 雅布内会议 

分 类 号：K37[历史地理—历史学] B971[历史地理—世界史]