脂肪组织来源干细胞的分化潜能和应用  

DIFFERENTIATION POTENTIAL AND APPLICATION OF STEM CELLS FROM ADIPOSE TISSUE

作　　者：史琳丽[1] 杨向群[2] 

机构地区：[1]第二军医大学临床2队,上海200433 [2]第二军医大学解剖学教研室生物医学工程研究所,上海200433

出　　处：《中国修复重建外科杂志》2012年第8期1007-1011,共5页Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31170934)~~

摘　　要：目的介绍脂肪组织来源的干细胞种类、分化潜能及在再生医学中的应用和优势。方法广泛查阅近年关于BMSCs、脂肪来源干细胞(adipose-derived stem cells,ADSCs)和去分化脂肪(dedifferentiated fat,DFAT)细胞的实验研究及临床研究文献,并进行整理、综合与分析。结果从脂肪基质成分可以分离得到ADSCs,ADSCs具有多向分化潜能,可分化为脂肪、骨、软骨、内皮、肌以及神经细胞等,并已较成功地应用于再生医学各领域。成熟脂肪细胞经过天花板培养法可以去分化为成纤维样细胞,即DFAT细胞,获得了多向分化潜能,也可以像ADSCs一样分化为脂肪、骨、软骨、内皮、肌以及神经细胞等。相比较目前常用的成体干细胞BMSCs,ADSCs、DFAT细胞来源广泛、取材更容易;而相对于ADSCs,DFAT细胞均一性高,增殖能力强。结论脂肪组织作为人体干细胞的重要来源,可能会给临床组织缺损的修复与再生带来新希望。Objective To introduce types and differentiation potentials of stem cells from adipose tissue, and its applications on regenerative medicine and advantages. Methods The literature of original experimental study and clinical research about bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs）, adipose-derived stem cells （ADSCs）, and dedifferentiated fat （DFAT） cells was extensively reviewed and analyzed. Results ADSCs can be isolated from stromal vascular fraction. As ADSCs have multi-lineage potentials, such as adipogenesis, osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, angiogenesis, myogenesis, and neurogenesis, they have already been successfully used in regenerative medicine areas. Dramatically, mature fat cells can be dedifferentiated and changed into fibroblast-like cells, named DFAT cells, via ceiling culture method. DFAT cells also had the same multi-lineage potentials as ADSCs, differentiating into adipocytes, osteocytes, chondrocytes, endothelial cells, muscle cells, and nerve cells. Compared with BMSCs which are commonly used as adult stem cells, ADSCs and DFAT cells have extensive sources and can be easily acquired. While compared with ADSCs, DFAT cells have good homogeneity and strong proliferation capacity. Conclusion As a potential source of stem cells, adipose tissue will provide a new promising for regenerative medicine.

关 键 词：脂肪来源干细胞 去分化脂肪细胞 血管基质成分 再生医学 

分 类 号：R329[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]