滇东一次局地特大暴雨的中尺度特征和地闪特征分析  

An analysis on mesoscale characteristics and cloud-to-ground lightning features of a local rainstorm in the east of Yunnan

作　　者：尹丽云[1] 普贵明[1] 张腾飞[1] 李磊[1] 刘雪涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省气象台,云南昆明650034

出　　处：《云南大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第4期425-431,436,F0002,F0003,共10页Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Sciences Edition)

基　　金：云南省科技厅项目(2009CA014);云南省气象局业务能力研究与提升建设专项(YZ201106)

摘　　要：利用雷电定位资料、多普勒雷达资料和FY-2E卫星红外资料对2010年6月25—26日发生在马龙的一次局地特大暴雨过程进行分析,结果表明:高层冷空气和低层暖湿气流在滇中以东地区交汇,形成明显的辐合是本次局地特大暴雨过程的主要影响系统.多普勒雷达上表现为2条带状回波合并加强,后部小单体快速东移合并入同一地点,在马龙上空形成明显的"列车效应",中尺度低空急流和逆风区的出现使得抬升辐合运动加强,触发了马龙上空对流不稳定能量的释放,产生了特大暴雨.卫星云图上,多个MCS合并为中-β尺度对流云团再发展为中-β尺度对流云带,产生强降水的过程始终保持较大面积的低于-60℃的冷中心,冷中心长时间在马龙上空维持.暴雨过程伴随着频繁的地闪活动,地闪密集地出现在单体回波合并后的强回波区域、对应着径向速度≤10 m/s的辐合区和逆风区后部及≥15 km的回波顶高位置,TBB和地闪的峰值超前于强降水1～2 h.By using oppositions of planets data provided and apparent fight ascension data calculated by general astronomy software SKYMap Pro Version 8, the relationship between ENSO and the relative positions of planets have been analyzed. It has been found that There is a distinct link between the two, and the main results are that：it is beneficial to the EL - Nino event occurring in the current years that oppositions of the three planets （Mars, Jupiter, Saturn） happened in March, and the events associated Mars or Jupiter opposition lasted for more times than Saturn. It is beneficial to the EL - Nino event occurring in the following year that oppositions of Mars and Jupiter happened in August, but is not obvious for Saturn. It is likely that the La - Nina events will occurr in the current year when oppositions of Mars and Jupiter happen in September, and when Saturn opposition happens in September, LA -Nina tends to occur in the previous year and EL -Nino in the following years. Non contingency test for the relationship between ENSO and the apparent fight ascension of planets shows that only Jupiter and Saturn have correlative areas for apparent fight ascension of single planet,while others have not. Most of the correlative areas do not coincide. Probability distribution of Nino4＂s surface sea temperature anomaly 〉 0 presents asymmetric structure for apparent fight ascension of Jupiter. There are two odd symmetry in the Jupiter correlative areas and 3 even symmetry in the Saturng correlative areas, and the difference between each are 60 o, presenting a hexagonal structure in space constitutes.

关 键 词：特大暴雨 地闪 列车效应 低空急流 逆风区 云顶温度 

分 类 号：P458[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]