星载单频GPS接收机低轨卫星几何法定轨研究  

A RESEARCH ON GEOMETRIC ORBIT DETERMINATION FOR GPS-BASED SINGLE-FREQUENCY RECEIVERS ABOARD LOW EARTH SATELLITES

作　　者：胡国荣[1] 欧吉坤[2] 崔伟宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遥感应用研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所,武汉430077

出　　处：《天文学报》2000年第3期278-288,共11页Acta Astronomica Sinica

基　　金：国防科工委重大项目子课题以;中国科学院动力大地测量学开放研究实验室资助

摘　　要：讨论星载GPS接收机为单频情形的低轨卫星几何法定轨 ,包括绝对定轨法 ,相对定轨法和动态网定轨法 ,并利用TOPEX/POSEIDON卫星星载GPS实现L1观测值进行验证 .结果表明 ,绝对定轨法三维轨道位置精度可达 2 0m左右 ,适用于低轨卫星实时导航 ;相对定轨和动态网定轨精度均比绝对定轨精度高 ,伪距相对定轨三维轨道位置精度可达米级 ,载波相位相对定轨精度可达分米级 ;动态网定轨相当于在各基准站相对定轨之间加权均衡 ,并且提高了定轨的可靠性 .相对定轨和动态网定轨适用于低轨卫星后处理定轨 .The methods of geometric orbit determination (OD) for GPS based single frequency receivers aboard low earth satellites are studied. They include absolute OD, relative OD and kinematic network OD. From the results calculated with the L1 data collected by GPS/DR aboard TOPEX/POSEIDON, the following conclusions are drawn: (a) The accuracy of absolute OD may be in the order of 20 meters, and it can be used in navigation for low earth satellites. (b) The accuracy of pseudorange based relative OD may be in the order of a few meters. (c) The accuracy of carrier based relative OD may be in the order of a few decimeters. (d) The accuracy of kinematic network OD is equal to the weighted mean of relative OD's of ground tracking stations, and this improves the reliability of OD. (e) The accuracy of relative OD and kinematic network OD is higher than that of absolute OD, so they can be used in post processing OD for low earth satellites.

关 键 词：GPS 几何法定轨 低轨卫星 

分 类 号：P123.46[天文地球—天体测量] P228.4[天文地球—天文学]