生活事件对于心脏移植受者心理状态影响的质性研究  

Qualitative study of life events how to influence emotional state of heart transplantation patients

作　　者：叶尘宇[1] 陈昊[1] 王毓琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属中山医院医学心理科,上海200032

出　　处：《中华器官移植杂志》2012年第8期491-494,共4页Chinese Journal of Organ Transplantation

摘　　要：目的分析生活事件对心脏移植受者心理状态的影响及其特征。方法自2010年9月至2011年10月，由精神科医生对在单中心心脏外科门诊随访的心脏移植受者进行访谈，记录受者一般资料、影响心理状态的主要生活事件以及受者自我报告生活事件对于心理状态的影响程度，采用扎根理论的方法对主要生活事件和影响程度进行质性分析。结果共入组88例心脏移植受者，其中男性69例，女性19例，受者年龄为（46．5±14．3）岁，术后时间为（39．3±39．6）个月。受者共报告152件主要生活事件，分为医疗以及相关费用、躯体情况变化、家庭支持以及未来生活规划4个方面。躯体情况的变化是报告频率最高的事件（占50．2％），其对情绪的影响程度达到（9．2±1．2）分；医疗费用昂贵是最多受者（96．6%）报告的生活事件，其影响程度为（6．5±2．1）分；报告家属支持情况者占13．6％，多为正面情绪支持，其影响程度为（7．6±1．2）分；报告对未来生活担心的受者（6．8％）的年龄均低于33岁。结论不同的生活事件对心脏移植受者呈现出不同的影响，受者的躯体状况与心理状态关系最为密切。提高心脏移植受者的社会支持有助于改善受者的心理状态。Objective To explore the influence of life events on the emotional state of heart transplantation patients. Methods All the heart transplantation outpatients were interviewed by a certain psychiatrist in Zhongshan Hospital during Oct. 2010 to Oct. 2011. The demographic data, life events and the self-reported influenced degree were recorded by the same psychiatrist. A grounded theory-based approach with thematic content analysis of the field notes was used. Results Eighty-eight patients were enrolled, including 69 males, and 19 females. The average age of the patients was 46. 5±14. 3 years old. The average duration after operation was 39. 3 ± 39. 6 months. The life events were classified into 4 groups, which were medical financial problems, physical condition, family support and future life. The most frequently reported event was physical condition （50. 2%） and the influenced degree was the highest （9. 2 ± 1.2）, while most patients （96. 6% ） complained high medical and relevant cost and the influenced degree was （6. 5 ± 2. 1）. Family support was reported by 13.6%patients and its influenced degree was （7. 6± 1.2）. The age of the reporter of future life （6. 8%） was under 33 years. Conclusion Different events have different influence to patients. Improving the social support of patients is helpful to improve quality of life.

关 键 词：心脏移植 生活事件 心理学 临床 

分 类 号：R654.2[医药卫生—外科学] R395[医药卫生—临床医学]