供电企业工频电磁场职业暴露现况  

Investigation of occupational exposure to power frequency electromagnetic fields in workers of power grid

作　　者：陈青松[1,2] 杨晓瑛 李润琴 朱宝余 张骁[1] 高阳 黄汉林[1] 李涛[2] 

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院,广州510300 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所 [3]吉林省电力有限公司电力科学研究院

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2012年第8期575-578,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：“十一五”国家科技支撑计划重大项目（2006BAK04A11）;2010年卫生标准制（修）定项目（20100309）

摘　　要：目的检测和评估某供电企业工频电磁场职业暴露现况。方法采用德国PMM8053电磁场测量系统（EHP-50工频电磁场测量探头）对作业环境进行测量，使用美国EMDEXLITE个体磁场剂量仪对作业岗位进行抽样测量，运用GBZ2．22007《工作声所物理因素测量第3部分：工频电场》以及ICNIRP的限值标准对结果进行评估。结果超高压变电站500kV电压区90％以上测点工频电场强度超过5kV／m，电抗器和电容器附近磁场强度常超过100μT，可达几百微特斯拉。供电作业工人日暴露平均水平在0．04-5．0μT之间，70％作业工人高于0．4μT。结论500kV及以上超高压变电站高压区、各级变电站电抗器和电容器为供电企业工频电磁场关键控制点，存在急性健康影响风险。供电企业作业工人累计磁场暴露水平较高。Objective To measure and assess the levels of occupational exposure to power frequency electromagnetic fields in workers of power grid. Methods PMMS053 electromagnetic fields measuring system with EHP-50 probe was used to measure the levels of electromagnetic fields at working place. Personal dosimeters （EMDEX LITE） were utilized to measure the individual exposure levels of power frequency magnetic field. The results were evaluated with the limitation criteria of GBZ2.2 and ICNIRP. Results In the 500 kV ultra high voltage substation, the intensity at 90% measure points of power electric field was more than 5 kV/m. The magnetic field intensity in the areas nearby reactors and capacitors was often higher than 100μT, even several hundreds μT. The mean daily exposure levels of workers in power grid were between 0.04 and 5.0 p,T, and the exposure levels of 70% workers were higher than 0.4μT. Conclusion In the areas of ultra high voltage and nearby the reactors and capacitors are the key control points for occupational health in power grid. There is acute health risk of workers exposed to high accumulative exposure levels.

关 键 词：电磁场 职业暴露 电网 

分 类 号：R134[医药卫生—劳动卫生]