三种检测婴幼儿腹泻A组轮状病毒的方法学评价  

The evalution of three methods for rotavirus detection in infantile diarrhea

作　　者：杨爱平[1] 张易进 钟锐[1] 张国祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江萧山医院检验科,浙江杭州325000

出　　处：《中国微生态学杂志》2012年第7期652-653,657,共3页Chinese Journal of Microecology

摘　　要：目的对婴幼儿腹泻A组轮状病毒的三种不同检测方法进行评价。方法同时采用胶体金、琼脂糖凝胶电泳、逆转录PCR(RT-PCR)对浙江萧山医院1周320份腹泻患儿的标本进行轮状病毒检测,然后进行方法学比较。结果三种方法的阳性检出率分别为36.3%、48.1%和42.8%,经卡方检验三种方法的检出率之间差异均存在统计学意义(P<0.05);以琼脂糖凝胶电泳为检测的最终标准,RT-PCR的敏感性为88.9%,特异性达100%;胶体金法的敏感性71.4%,特异性达96.4%。结论胶体金法检测轮状病毒的敏感性和特异性能够满足临床上对轮状病毒快速筛检的要求;PT-PCR法的敏感性和特异性均最高,既可用于临床检测,又是轮状病毒血清G、基因P分型的重要手段,在对无菌体液和环境样本中轮状病毒的检测具有不可比拟的优势。Objective To evaluate three different detecting methods for Group A rotavirus in infant or toddler diarrhea. Method 320 specimens of rotavirus diarrhea were detected by Colloidal gold, agarose gel electrophoresis, and reverse tran- scription PCR （RT-PCR） ; Methodological comparison was performed. Result The positive rates of the three methods were 36.3%, 48. 1% and 42.8%, respectively. The differences were statistically significant by chi-square test （ P 〈 0.05）. Based on the result of agarose gel electrophoresis which was selected as the final standard, the sensitivity and speccifity of RT-PCR was 88.9% and 100% respectively; The sensitivity and speccifity of Colloidal gold was 71.4% and 96.4% respectively. Conclusion The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of Colloidal gold can meet the clinical requirements for rapid screening of rotavirus. Both the sensitivity and specificity of RT-PCR are the highest. RT-PCR can be used as a routine diagnosis for ro- tavirus, and an important means of genetyping. It has much more advantages for rotavirus detection in bacteria-free body fluids and environmental samples.

关 键 词：婴幼儿腹泻 轮状病毒 方法学评价 

分 类 号：R382.3[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]