不同调理剂对猪粪好氧堆肥效果的影响  

Effect of Different Bulking Agents on Aerobic Composting of Swine Manure

作　　者：张建华[1] 田光明[1] 姚静华[1] 张君[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境工程系,杭州310058 [2]山西农业大学环境科学系,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2012年第3期131-135,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51008107);浙江省自然科学基金项目(Y5110143);浙江省科技厅公益技术研究社会发展项目(2010C33159)

摘　　要：分别以木屑、药渣、菇渣、砻糠灰作为猪粪堆肥的调理剂,研究其在堆肥过程中温度、含水率、pH、EC和主要营养元素N、P、K的动态变化。结果表明,在整个堆制过程中,4个处理的堆温变化明显呈现出升温期、高温期和降温期3个阶段,其中,木屑处理堆体升温最快,且高温持续时间最长,砻糠灰处理高温持续时间最短;与初始值相比,堆肥后每个处理pH均有所上升,其中菇渣处理上升幅度最大,达0.9个单位;堆制过程中,4个处理有机质总体呈现下降的规律;堆肥后药渣处理的TN和TP含量最高;堆肥后砻糠灰处理的TK含量最高;堆肥后4个处理的pH和EC值都在腐熟堆肥的适宜范围之内,从N+P2O5+K2O总养分和保氮角度来看,应选药渣作调理剂,从提高堆肥TK含量来看,应选砻糠灰作调理剂。Four kinds of organic compost were manufactured from swine manure with sawdust,herb residue,spent mushroom and ricechaff,respectively.Changes of temperature,pH,C/N and the main nutrient element N,P,K during the composting were measured.The results showed that significant changes of the temperature caused by the four treatments defined three stages including a warming period,high temperature period and cooling period for the compost pile.The temperature of types of compost,namely sawdust treatment was relatively high.The time of temperature high in the compost sawdust treatment was much longer,ricechaff treatment was much shorter.After composting,pH of all the treatments were higher than the beginning,pH of spent mushroom treatment increased significantly,and the increment reached 0.9.As time went on,the content of organic matter and C/N decreased.When the composting finished,total N and P of herb residue treatment were highest.Total K of ricechaff treatment were highest,In a word,when the composting finished,pH and EC of all the treatments were in the proper range,from the view of N＋P2O5＋K2O and conserving nutrient element N,It is suggested herb residue as bulking agent be chosen.From the view of compost efficiency and TK,It is suggested ricechaff as bulking agent be chosen.

关 键 词：调理剂 猪粪 堆肥 营养元素 动态变化 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学] X713[农业科学—农业基础科学]