河北临城白云洞洞积石形成与风化现象研究  

On the Phenomenon of Origination and Weathering of Speleothem in Baiyundong in Lincheng County of Hebei Province

作　　者：宋林华[1] 睢树春 陈岗岭 马风书 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理研究所,北京100101 [2]河北省临城县旅游局,河北临城054300

出　　处：《地理学与国土研究》2000年第3期68-74,共7页Geography and Territorial Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目!(494710 0 8);河北省临城县旅游局资助

摘　　要：发育于中寒武统厚层状鲕状灰岩和薄层泥质灰岩中的河北临城崆山白云洞是一个上下三层 ,总长 50 0m、面积 4 2 0 0m2 的小型旅游洞穴。洞内碳酸钙景观极其丰富 ,尤其是石幔、卷曲石、石葡萄。白云洞老洞积石已发生了强烈的风化 ,洞积石已变得疏松 ,易折断和掉块。在老洞积石强烈风化处或在风化洞积石上 ,发育了新的洞积石。在白云洞所在的崆山山脊上保留了三十万年前形成的大型石笋基群和洞穴石葡萄、石瘤和钙板等。根据洞穴中的裂隙网和迷宫洞道、洞穴太湖石、地下湖及地下水补排特征 ,作者认为白云洞是喀斯特地下水对石灰岩泡蚀作用的产物。The cave of Baiyundong has been developed in the middle Cambium flag limestone and argillaceous limestone with ferruginous sediments. The limestone block is strongly dissolved to form karst stone with different size of the through holes like the limestone blocks dissolved by the soil water in the wet and warm climatic zone. The helictites, stone curtains, pearls, hanging pipes, shields and calcite teeth are well developed in the cave. All micro-spleothems are growing on the weathered speleothem such as the stalactites, columns, drapery and shields and limestone. The drapery, stalactites and other speleothem had been weathered as the powder structure without the hard calcite surface. The speleothem had been strongly weathered in the closed system before the cave opened. That shows the development of speleothem and weathering of older speleothem have been taken place at the some time at the same place in the same environment, which may be termed as the opposite phenomenon of speleothem development and speleothem weathering。The cave has been developed 10-50 m below the surface of Gongshan hill. On the surface, there is no solution fissure with the depth of more than 2 m. All the joints are closed near the surface. The small scale but typical dried valley system of the earth surface should be done through the small fractures and connected fissures in the case of closed cave system. It is raised that the features of epikarst features control the uncoordinated phenomenon.

关 键 词：白云洞 喀斯特洞穴 洞积石 河北 风化 

分 类 号：P642.25[天文地球—工程地质学]