不同生态环境对水稻碳氮代谢关键酶活性及稻米品质的影响  

Effects of Different Ecological Environment on Activity of Key Enzymes Involved in Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism and Rice Quality

作　　者：李洪亮[1] 孙玉友[1] 曲金玲[1] 魏才强[1] 孙国宏[1] 赵云彤[1] 赵立斐[2] 柴永山[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院牡丹江分院,黑龙江牡丹江157041 [2]黑龙江农业经济职业学院,黑龙江牡丹江157041

出　　处：《作物杂志》2012年第4期53-57,共5页Crops

基　　金：黑龙江省省长基金(2009HSJ-B-5)

摘　　要：以响水火山玄武岩石板地和附近非石板地(对照)为试验对象,研究了水稻在子粒灌浆过程中碳氮代谢关键酶活性的变化。结果表明,火山玄武岩石板地子粒可溶性淀粉合成酶活性低于对照,淀粉分支酶活性与对照相比差异不大,而谷氨酰胺合成酶活性大于非石板地。非石板地ADPG焦磷酸化酶活性的峰值出现后5d内仍保持较高水平,而生长在玄武岩石板地上的试材ADPG焦磷酸化酶活性达到峰值后下降速度较对照快。同一生态环境不同氮肥水平下,酶活性的变化也有所不同,在一定程度上,多施氮肥可以抑制ADPG焦磷酸化酶和谷氨酰胺合成酶的活性,但不同品种类型间也有所差异。稻米品质方面,火山玄武岩石板地其糙米率、整精米率、胶稠度、蛋白质及食味评分等指标均高于对照,直链淀粉含量则低于对照,而垩白米率、垩白度指标高于对照。In this paper, rice varieties （ Chaochan 4 and Mu 09-2693 ） were used as testing materials, the changes of key enzyme activity in carbon and nitrogen metabolism was studied in the rice filling period. The results showed that the activity of the soluble starch synthase in flagstone land of volcanic basalt was lower than that of the controls, and the activity difference between starch branching enzyme and the controls was small. But the activity of glutamine synthetase was higher than that in non-flagstone land. The ADPG pyropho sphorylase activity in non-flagstone land could keep a high level in five days after it reached the peak, but the ADPG pyrophosphorylase activity in flagstone land decreased faster than that of the control after it reached the peak. The change of the enzyme activity was also different in the same ecological environment under different nitrogen levels, in a way, more nitrogen can restrain the activity of ADPG pyrophosphorylase and glutamine synthetase, but different varieties were also different. In terms of the quality of rice, the brown rice rate, head rice rate, gel consistency, protein content and savor score in flagstone land were higher than those of the control ; amylose content was lower than that of the control. But the chalky kernel and chalkiness were higher than that of the control.

关 键 词：生态环境 代谢关键酶 酶活性 稻米品质 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]