超声引导下的神经阻滞临床应用研究进展  

Recent progress in clinical applications of ultrasound-guided nerve block

作　　者：倪蓉[1] 王力甚[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属荆州医院麻醉科,434020

出　　处：《国际麻醉学与复苏杂志》2012年第8期558-561,共4页International Journal of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation

摘　　要：背景神经阻滞一般根据周围神经体表标志或针刺异感来定位和穿刺。由于解剖变异或肥胖等原因，常致阻滞不全、效果欠佳，有的需要加大辅助用药量，甚至需改为全麻。目的探讨超声引导下行神经阻滞的效果，并与传统定位的阻滞方法进行比较。内容综述近几年来超声引导下行臂丛神经阻滞、腹横肌平面（transversusabdominisplane，TAP）阻滞、小儿区域神经阻滞等的进展。趋向超声引导下行神经阻滞是一种无创和可视的方法，能明显提高阻滞成功率，减少并发症，提高麻醉效果和麻醉安全性。Background In conventional nerve block, the puncture location is based on anatomical landmarks in clinical practice, which usually leads to incomplete blockage and many side effects due to obesity and nerve distribution mutation. Objective In this review, we will introduce the effects of nerve block under the guidance of ultrasound and compare the effects with conventional block. Content This paper reviews recent progress in the clinical applications of brachial plexus block, transversus abdominis plane （TAP） block, nerve blocks in children and other peripheral nerve blocks under the guidance of ultrasound or combined with nerve stimulator. Trend Ultrasound-guided nerve block has such advantages as noninvasion, direct vasualization of the target nerve and its surrounding structures, and thus improves the success rate of blockage as well as the safety and reduces complications and operating time.

关 键 词：神经阻滞 超声引导 

分 类 号：R614[医药卫生—麻醉学]