农村贫困中学女生心理健康与应对方式相关分析  

Correlation study of mental health and coping style among rural impoverished girls

作　　者：汪小琴[1] 许爱珠[2] 张建灿[3] 熊红星[4] 

机构地区：[1]江西教育学院教育系,南昌330029 [2]南昌大学戏剧影视学院 [3]南昌工学院心理咨询中心 [4]江西师范大学心理教育中心

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2012年第7期830-833,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：国家青年基金课题(CIA050043)

摘　　要：目的探讨农村贫困女生的心理健康状况与行为应对方式之间的关系,为提高农村贫困女生的心理健康水平提供依据。方法采用症状自评量表、应付方式问卷,对江西、云南、陕西农村690名中学女生进行问卷调查。结果贫困女生的心理健康状况比富裕女生差,贫困女生和富裕女生在躯体化、强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、偏执、精神病性和总分上差异有统计学意义,且前者得分高于后者,在应对方式上,初二贫困女生在幻想和合理化方面得分高于初二富裕女生(P值均<0.05),而高二贫困女生和高二富裕女生比较在逃避一项的差异有统计学意义。贫困女生更多使用消极的应对方式,尤其在"自责"、"逃避"的相关有统计学意义。女生应对方式各维度中,解决问题、合理化、幻想和自责均能显著预测心理健康(t值分别为-3.59,2.10,2.30,7.92,P<0.05或P<0.01)。自责对心理健康的预测中最为显著,解释量达21%。在本研究的众多家庭与社会背景因素中,只有贫困度能显著预测心理健康(t=2.96,P<0.01)。结论贫困是女生心理健康的重要影响因素。关注农村贫困女生的心理健康状况并帮助她们采用积极的求助方式,对改善身心健康和提高心理素质具有非常重要的意义。Objective To explore the relationship between rural impoverished girls’ mental health and their coping style.Methods By using SCL-90 and Coping Styles Questionnaire,a total of 690 girls from rural areas were investigated.Results The mental health of girls from the rural impoverished families was worse than those from the rich families.Junior high female students from the poor families scored higher in aspects of compulsion,depression,hostility,horror,and psychoticism（P〈0.01）.In junior two grade,impoverished girls scored higher than rich girls in terms of illusion and rationalization（P〈0.05）.In senior two grade,impoverished girls only differed from rich girls in evasion.Impoverished girls tended to use negative coping styles.Significant correlation was found in ＂ self-blaming＂ and ＂ evasion＂.In all the dimensions of coping style,problem-solving,rationalization,fancy and self-blaming predicted mental health significantly,and self-blaming could explain 21% variations in SCL-90 total score.Household income was the only social factors predicting mental health in the present research.Conclusion It is important to pay more attention to rural impoverished girls’ mental health and help them take positive methods to seek help

关 键 词：精神卫生 适应 心理学 回归分析 学生 农村人口 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学] B848[医药卫生—医学心理学]