接种量和碳氮比对奶牛废物厌氧发酵产气特性的影响  

Effects of Inoculation Amount and C/N on Anaerobic Fermentation of the Diary Manure in Producing Biogases

作　　者：冯洁[1] 李金娟[1] 刘方[1] 王运长[1] 刘文冬[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵阳550003

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2012年第20期71-76,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：科技部农业科技成果转化资金项目"奶业粪污处理及循环利用技术研究"(2009GB2F200329);贵阳市科技局农业科技攻关项目"贵州液态奶加工关键技术熟化与转化"(2009-2-017)

摘　　要：为研究接种量、碳氮比（C/N）对奶牛废物厌氧发酵的影响。在接种污泥量为10%和20%,酒糟调节C/N在25：1、27：1和29：1的条件下,分析奶牛废物厌氧发酵过程中沼气产气率、甲烷产气率和硫化氢含量。结果表明：接种量在10%~20%范围内,启动速率、沼气产气率、甲烷产气率及硫化氢含量随接种量增大而增大,不同接种量的沼气和甲烷产气高峰期大致相同,都在第10天左右。C/N为27：1条件下的沼气产气率和甲烷产气率均最高,其次为29：1和25：1时的产气率。说明通过酒糟增大了奶牛粪便的C/N后,对厌氧发酵的效果有一定促进作用。甲烷与硫化氢的平均含量高低变化一致,即甲烷平均含量高时硫化氢平均含量也相应高。综合分析,本试验条件下接种量20%、C/N为27：1时,沼气产气率和甲烷产气率分别达到44.3、24.09L/kg,为奶牛废物厌氧发酵的最适宜条件。To find out the effect of inoculation amount and C/N on anaerobic fermentation of the diary manure, the variations of productions of biogases, content of CH4 and H2S during the anaerobic fermentation of diary manure were studied under the inoculation amount of 10% and 20%, and C/N of 25：1, 27：1, 29：1 by regulated with vinasse respectively. The results showed that in the inoculation amount of 10% to 20%, start-up rate, biogas yield, methane gas yield and hydrogen sulfide gas yield increased with inoculation amount increasing, the peak time of biogas production was the same as methane production in different inoculation amount, of about the tenth day. The highest biogas yield and methane gas yield was in the C/N of 27：1, next was in C/N of 29：1 and C/N of 25：1, which illustrated that anaerobic fermentation performance has been promoted by higher C/N with vinasse. The variation of average content level of CH4 was the same as that of H2S, average content level of H2S was high when that of CH4 was high. To sum up, in this experiment the optimal conditions for anaerobic fermentation of diary manure were inoculation amount of 20% and C/N of 25：1, with the biogas yield and methane gas yield of 44.3 L/kg and 24.09 L/kg.

关 键 词：奶牛废物 厌氧发酵 接种量 C/N 产气性能 

分 类 号：S8[农业科学—畜牧兽医]