纳米CaCO_3/POM复合纤维的制备  

The preparation of nano-CaCO_3/POM composite fiber

作　　者：周建良[1] 王依民[1] 

机构地区：[1]东华大学材料学院纤维材料改性国家重点实验室,上海201620

出　　处：《合成技术及应用》2012年第2期11-16,22,共7页Synthetic Technology & Application

摘　　要：将纳米CaCO3和聚甲醛(POM)按一定的质量比放在超高速混合机中混合,借助混合机叶片高速旋转时产生的热量和外加热的热量,使得POM颗粒软化,再将纳米CaCO3均匀地粘附在其表面上,从而制得聚甲醛复合材料。采用熔融纺丝法制备初生纤维,再通过热空气浴热拉伸得到最终的纤维。最后,通过XRD测试纤维的结晶情况,通过扫描电镜(SEM)测试纤维的表面形态和断面形态以了解纳米CaCO3在聚甲醛基体中的共混情况,通过TG测试纤维的热稳定性和通过纤维工程力学仪器测试单根纤维的力学性能。结果表明:改性和拉伸后纤维的结晶度上升,而晶粒尺寸变小;纤维的表面变得粗糙,低含量的纳米碳酸钙在POM中的分散效果良好;改性后纤维的热稳定性得到明显地提高;纤维的强度和韧性也有较好的改善。Nano-CaCO3 was mixed with POM in the ultra-high-speed mixer. By means of the heat generated by the high-speed rotation of the mixer blades and external heat of the heater, POM pellets became soft and adhesive e- nough that the nano-CaCO3 particles can evenly adhere to their surface in order to prepare POM composite materi- als. Then nano-CaCO3/POM composite materials were spun into fiber with better thermal and mechanical properties through the optimization of spinning and stretching conditions. Finally, XRD was used to characterize the crystalliza- tion of the fiber, and SEM was taken to observe surface and interface morphology of the fibers in order to understand the blending effect of nano-CaCO3 in the POM matrix, and then TG analysis was performed to test their thermal sta- bility. Finally their mechanical properties were measured. The XRD results showed that the degree of crystallinity of the fiber increased, but the grain size became smaller after modification and stretch. SEM images showed that fiber surface became rougher and the blending effect of nano-CaCO3 in the POM was good when the content of nano-Ca- CO3 was relatively low. The TG data implied that thermal stability of the modified fibers was improved significantly, and fiberg strength and toughness were also obviously improved.

关 键 词：热稳定性 韧性 熔融纺丝 热拉伸 纳米CaCO3/POM复合纤维 

分 类 号：TQ340.6[化学工程—化纤工业] TQ342.94