楔形掏槽微差爆破模型试验与分析  

MODEL EXPERIMENT AND ANALYSIS OF WEDGE-SHAPED CUTTING MILLISECOND BLASTING

作　　者：袁文华[1,2] 马芹永[2] 黄伟[2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学矿山地下工程教育部工程研究中心,安徽淮南232001 [2]安徽理工大学土木建筑学院,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《岩石力学与工程学报》2012年第A01期3352-3356,共5页Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering

基　　金：教育部博士点基金项目(20093415110001)

摘　　要：针对煤矿硬岩巷道掘进掏槽效果差、炮眼利用率低的难题,采用混凝土作为相似材料进行不同掏槽方式的模型试验研究。从掏槽体积、炮眼利用率、破碎块度等方面分析不同掏槽方式的爆破效果。采用楔形微差掏槽,中间炮眼比掏槽眼深200 mm,装1～2支药卷,其余长度用水炮泥和炮泥封堵,起爆雷管为2段。试验结果表明,中间炮眼增加自由面,有利于克服岩石的夹制作用,保证在掏槽眼先爆的基础上,把掏槽的残岩进一步抛出;微差爆破延长爆轰气体在炮眼内的作用时间,爆破的块度小,分布均匀,从而提高炮眼利用率和掏槽体积。Aiming at problems of bad cutting effect, low hole utilization for hard rock excavation in coal mines, different cutting model tests were conducted by using concrete as similar material. Different blasting effects were analyzed from the cutting volume, blasting hole utilization and fragmentation. Wedge-shaped millisecond cutting was adopted in which middle blasting holes are 200 mm deeper than other cutting holes with l or 2 branches explosives and 2 sections of millisecond electric detonator. The experimental results indicate that middle blasting holes increase free surface and overcome rocks clips; and the millisecond blasting extends the delay time of detonation gas with a rational broken particle size and even lump size, then enhances the blasting hole utilization and cutting volume.

关 键 词：爆破工程 楔形掏槽 微差爆破 模型试验 

分 类 号：TD236[矿业工程—矿井建设]