云蒙湖流域不同土地利用类型的土壤侵蚀特征分析  

Analysis on Features of Soil Erosion with Different Land Uses in the Yunmeng Lake Watershed

作　　者：泮雪芹[1,2] 刘占仁 孟晓云 于兴修[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省水土保持与环境保育重点实验室,山东临沂276000 [2]临沂大学资源环境学院,山东临沂276000

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2012年第4期6-9,共4页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：山东省科技攻关项目(2009GG10006015,2011GGH21704);临沂市重大科技创新项目(201011019)

摘　　要：在RS与GIS支持下,获取云蒙湖流域土地利用空间数据,选用RUSLE模型估算土壤侵蚀量,对云蒙湖流域不同土地利用类型的土壤侵蚀特征进行分析。结果表明:1986—2010年间,土壤年总侵蚀量由647万t降至630万t,水土保持生态恢复工程取得了一定的成效;云蒙湖流域耕地土壤侵蚀最为严重,1986年和2010年土壤侵蚀模数高达5 325t/(km2·a)和5 504t/(km2·a),分别占土壤侵蚀总量的85.8%和84.7%;草地是重点治理的另一对象,强度以上等级侵蚀都分别占总侵蚀面积的40%和44%;随着耕地和草地类型的转入,居民用地侵蚀面积由1986年的1 010hm2增至2010年的2 608hm2,土壤侵蚀总量由5.4万t增至14.2万t,是变化较为明显的土地利用类型。The effects of land use structure on soil loss are very important for territory protection. In order to investigate the influence of land uses on soil erosion over the watershed, RS and GIS techniques were utilized and RUSLE model were selected to acquire the spatial data of the land uses and the soil erosion of the Yun meng Lake watershed. The results showed that during the period of 1986--2010, soil erosion situation had improved with the soil and water conservation and ecological restoration project, but the soil erosion was still serious with the total annual erosion amounting to 6.3 million tons from 6.47 million tons. In all types of land uses, farmland showed the most serious erosion with high soil erosion modulus 5 325 t/（km^2 . a） and 5 504 t/（km^2. a）, respectively, accounting for 85.8% and 84.7% of total soil erosion. Additionally, the grassland was another main object to be protected with the total proportion of strong, extremely strong and severe erosion zones of 40 %0 and 44 %, respectively. As farmland and grassland types in turn, the erosion area of residential land increased from 1 010 hm^2 to 2608 hm^2 , and soil erosion amount increased from 54000 t to 142000 t.

关 键 词：土地利用 土壤侵蚀 云蒙湖流域 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]