木论喀斯特森林水土流失规律研究  

Study on Soil and Water Loss in Karst Forest in Mulun

作　　者：黄承标[1] 谭卫宁 覃文更 韦国富 吴敏[1] 韦月鸾 

机构地区：[1]广西大学林学院,南宁530004 [2]木论国家级自然保护区管理局,广西环江547100

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2012年第4期34-37,共4页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：木论自然保护区森林气象水文生态效益监测研究项目(河科字2009-32)

摘　　要：森林水土流失是森林水文生态效益评价的重要指标。通过坡面径流小区测流法,于2006—2010年连续5a对木论喀斯特森林及灌草坡植被进行水土流失的对比观测研究。结果表明:(1)林地年地表径流量为0.78～2.85mm,年均值为1.77mm,占年均降雨量的0.10%,比灌草坡(5.87mm)减少了69.8%;(2)林地年土壤侵量为9.9～28.5kg/hm2,年均值为17.7kg/hm2,比灌草坡(58.7kg/hm2)减少了69.8%;(3)林地年养分(N,P,K)流失量为0.008～0.028kg/hm2,年均值为0.019kg/hm2,比灌草坡(0.064kg/hm2)减少了70.3%;(4)土壤及养分流失主要集中在5—8月,分别占全年流失总量的76.3%,92.7%,与该区同期降雨量的年内分配相匹配。Forest soil erosion is an important indicator for evaluating ecological benefits of forest hydrology. The comparison of soil and water losses between the karst forest and shrub--grass vegetation was carried out in Mulun National Nature Reserve from 2006 to 2010 through the slope surface runoff plots. The results showed that： （1） the average surface runoff in Karst forest was 1.77 mm/a （0.78%2.85 mm/a）, which occupied 0.10% of the local average annual rainfall and reduced 69.8% compared with the shrub--grass slope （5.87 mm） ; （2） the average soil erosion in Karst forest was 17.7 kg/（hm^2 . a ）, 9.9-28.5 kg/（hm2.a）, decreasing 69.8~ compared with shrub--grass soil erosion （58.7 kg/hm^2 .a） ; （3） the average total nutri- ent loss （N, P, K） in Karst forest was 0. 019 kg/（hm^2 . a ）, reducing 70.3% compared with the shrub-- grass （0. 064 kg/hm^2 .a）; （4） soil and water loss and nutrient loss mostly concentrated from May to August, accounting for 76. 3%,92. 7% of the total annual loss, which matched the rainfall pattern in the same area.

关 键 词：喀斯特森林 水土流失 养分流失 木论国家级自然保护区 

分 类 号：S715.3[农业科学—林学] S714.7