退耕还林前后甘肃正宁县生态系统服务价值的时空变化特征  

Spatio-temporal Changes of Ecosystem Service Value in Zhengning County,Gansu Province before and after the 'Grain-for-Green' Policy

作　　者：申建秀[1,2] 王秀红[1] 刘羽[1,2] 张伟 姚丽娜[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]杭州师范大学理学院/遥感与地球科学研究院,杭州311121 [4]浙江省城市湿地与区域变化研究重点实验室,杭州311121

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2012年第4期59-64,共6页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"生态退耕对土地类型结构的影响及环境效应研究"(40971282)

摘　　要：运用GIS和遥感技术,研究位于西北黄土沟壑区的甘肃省正宁县在退耕还林工程实施前后的土地利用变化情况,并利用Costanza提出的生态系统服务价值(ESV)评估思路和区域质心迁移模型,分析了1995—2010年正宁县土地利用变化及其生态系统服务价值的时空响应。结果表明:(1)在退耕还林前后,林地面积变化表现为先减后增,耕地和水域面积一直在减少,同时建设用地保持不断增长。(2)正宁县在实施退耕还林工程前后,总生态服务价值先减少(-6.512%)后增加(29.369%),有林地ESV在退耕后的大幅度增加是退耕还林的明显效果。正宁县所提供的生态服务功能以生物多样性保护、土壤形成与保护等为主。各功能生态服务价值在退耕后的显著增加,这是区域土地利用可持续性增强的体现。(3)正宁县生态服务价值质心的迁移在退耕后表现出"东进南下"的趋势,东、中、西部单位面积ESV增长不均衡。正宁县应重视调整及优化西部、中部地区的土地利用结构,进而发挥区域生态服务的最大综合效益。With remote sensing and geographic information system techniques for data acquisition and processing,this paper choosed Zhengning County,which was located in the loess gully area of northwest China as a case study,and examined the Spatio-temporal changes in ecosystem service value before and after the‘Grain-for-Green’ Policy based on the framework of ecosystem service value evaluation proposed by Costanza and gravity center movement model.The results showed that：（1） the total area of forest decreased from 1995 to 2000,but it increased from 2000 to 2010.Cropland and water body area were keeping decreased,meanwhile,construction land was keeping increas during the study period;（2） the total value of ecosystem services for the study area decreased by 6.512% from 1995 to 2000 and then increased by 29.369% from 2000 to 2010.The increase of forest ESV was considerable after the ‘Grain-for-Green’ Policy.Main ecosystem service functions in Zhengning County include biodiversity protection and soil formation.The appreciable increase of ESV for each ecosystem service function after the ‘Grain-for-Green’ Policy was a clear reflection of regional sustainable land use;（3） the total ESV gravity centers of Zhengning County had a spatial trace direction to southeast from 1995 to 2010.This result indicated that the spatial distribution of ESV per unit area for the study area was not even.In order to promote and balance the distribution of function of ecosystem service in Zhengning County,this paper suggested that policy-makers should pay greater attention to adjusting and optimizing land use structures in west and middle part of this study area.

关 键 词：土地利用变化 生态服务价值 质心转移 退耕还林 甘肃正宁县 

分 类 号：F301.21[经济管理—产业经济]