某地区高速公路交通伤流行病学分析  

Epidemiological analysis of the freeway traffic injury in a certain area

作　　者：宋斌[1] 王怀云[1] 王剑火[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京军区福州总医院95临床部,福建莆田351100

出　　处：《东南国防医药》2012年第4期308-310,319,共4页Military Medical Journal of Southeast China

基　　金：福建省科技计划项目(2009Y01010779)

摘　　要：目的探讨某地区高速公路交通伤流行病学特点,为构建交通伤预防与救治一体化急救体系提供依据。方法回顾分析某市高速公路交通指挥中心2007至2011年的交通事故记录资料,分析交通伤在人群分布、时间分布、肇事车辆及原因、死亡率、伤情等方面的流行病学特点。结果伤员中男性比率明显高于女性;在高速行车道上行人受伤比例及死亡率最高;事故发生较多的时间段有每日18时～20时、22时～24时、0时～4时;事故原因绝大多数是由人为因素造成的,涉及车辆以货车为主占57.71%。伤员死因是颅脑损伤和多发伤。结论主动干预是减少高速交通事故的基础,构建覆盖全区域多点一体化急救体系对提高救治效能具有重要意义。Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of the freeway traffic injuries in a certain area and provide information for prevention and rescue of the freeway traffic injuries. Methods We picked out the freeway traffic accidents cases recorded by the freeway command center from 2007 to 2011, and carried out a retrospective analysis of them with the method of epidemiology according to the crowd, the intervals of a day, the sorts of the vehicles, the causes of the traffic accidents, mortality and the type of trauma. Results The ratio of male is obviously higher than the female according to the gender distribution of the wounded. The probability to be injuried and the mortality of the people walking on the freeway is the highest. The traffic acci- dents were happened frequently in special time intervals （ 18 to 20 o＇clock ,22 to 24 o＇clock,0 to 4 o＇clock） ; the traffic accidents were mostly caused by the drivers and 57.71% of the accidental vehicles are trucks. Brain trau- ma and multiple injuries were the most common causes of death in the freeway traffic injuries. Conclusion Ini- tiative intervention can reduce the incidence of the freeway traffic accidents and it is very significant to elevate the efficiency of the rescue by establishing an integrated poly-position emergency system.

关 键 词：交通伤 流行病学分析 预防与救治 救治效能 

分 类 号：R128.2[医药卫生—环境卫生学]