微生物菌剂和鸡粪对蔬菜废弃物堆肥化处理的影响  

Effect of inoculation and poultry dung on composting of vegetable residues

作　　者：龚建英[1] 田锁霞[1] 王智中[1] 李国学[1] 李彦明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院环境科学与工程系,北京100193

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2012年第8期2813-2817,共5页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑项目(2012BAD14B01);国家"十一五"科技支撑项目(2007BAD89B07)

摘　　要：由于我国缺乏适用的蔬菜废物循环利用技术,致使蔬菜产地的生产废物难以处理与再循环利用而被弃置。为获得适用的蔬菜废物堆肥化处理技术,本研究以小麦秸秆为水分调理剂,并分别以鸡粪和微生物菌剂为接种剂,在初始物料含水率65%和C/N为25的条件下,设置了V1(蔬菜残体+小麦秸秆)、V2(V1+鸡粪)、V3(V2+微生物菌剂)和V4(V1+微生物菌剂)等4个处理,通过测定4个不同堆肥处理对温度、含水率、C/N比以及发芽指数(GI)等指标的影响。结果表明:同时加入微生物菌剂和鸡粪的处理(V3)可使堆肥最高温度达到67.5℃,且水分脱除效果最好,最终产品的含水率是最低的;鸡粪也是较好的接种剂,提升堆肥温度且能缩短堆肥周期;发芽率指数(GI)的结果显示,4个处理之间的堆肥腐熟成度为V3>V4>V2>V1,这进一步表明,添加微生物菌剂和鸡粪可降低堆肥产品对后茬植物发芽和生长的不良抑制。On Chinese farms it is difficult to treat and reuse vegetable residues due to the lack of appropriate technologies for organics recycling. In this study we determined the effects of four different compost mixtures on pile temperature, moisture content, C/N ratio and germination index （GI）. The initial moisture contents and C/N ratios for all treatments were 65% and 25, respectively. The treatments included vegetable waste and wheat straw （V1）, V1 plus poultry dung （V2）, V2 plus a microbial inoculant （V3）, and V1 plus a microbial inoculant （V4）. The results indicated that the microbial inoculant plus poultry dung treatment （V3） reached the highest temperature of up to 67.5~C. The moisture content of the V3 final compost was the lowest of the four. Poultry dung alone also increased the compost temperatures and reduced the composting time. The results of germination tests showed that the order of compost maturity for the four treatments was V3 〉 V4 〉 V2 〉 V1. This indicated that the harmful effects of vegetable residues on germination and the growth of plants could be reduced by composting using microbial inoculation and poultry dung addition.

关 键 词：蔬菜废弃物 堆肥化 接种技术 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]