盐城国家级自然保护区景观格局变化及其驱动力  

Analysis on landscape pattern change and its driving forces of Yancheng National Natural Reserve

作　　者：王艳芳[1] 沈永明[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京210046

出　　处：《生态学报》2012年第15期4844-4851,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40401059;40973053)

摘　　要：利用RS、GIS手段研究分析了盐城新洋港—新港闸段国家级自然保护区内景观格局的时空变化及其驱动力因子,结果表明:1992—2008年间,在景观面积变化方面,全区内景观主体由自然景观变成了人工景观;核心区内自然景观面积变化不大,仍以自然景观为主;缓冲区和试验区内的自然景观面积都不断减少,分别减少了约30%和75%。在景观破碎度方面,全区内景观的密度指数增加1倍,景观破碎化程度加剧;核心区内斑块密度指数呈现略减,各景观类型的平均斑块的面积增大,景观破碎化程度略增但不显著;缓冲区和试验区破碎化程度加剧。在景观多样性方面,全区内景观格局由简单变得复杂化,多样性指数增大,异质化程度增加;核心区内景观多样性呈现略增但不显著;缓冲区内景观多样性显著增加;实验区内多样性指数减小,景观异质化程度降低;整个研究区内的景观格局向均衡化方向发展,核心区和缓冲区变化与全区一致,而试验区景观格局朝单一化方向发展。由于引起景观格局变化的外界干扰不断加深,盐城国家级自然保护区内的景观生态环境保护与经济开发之间的矛盾亦将愈发突出。Landscape pattern change has received much attention, since they provide key information of human activity effects on landscape in recent years. In this paper, landscape pattern change and its driving forces of the Yancheng National Natural Reserve were analyzed by using RS and GIS technology. Date collected from remote sensing images of TM in 1992, 1999 and 2008 were analyzed to figure out landscape pattern change of Yancheng National Natural Reserve from Xinyang port to Xingang port coastal wetland during thel6 years. The results indicated that： between 1992 and 2008, the dominant type of landscape matrix transformed from natural landscape whose area was occupied 78.04% to artificial landscape including dry field and paddy field whose area was occupied 61.81% in entire zone; natural landscape still dominated in core zone, although its area had a little change that decreased from 86.51% to 84.79 % ; natural landscape area changed from 83.86% to 32.61% in buffer zone and changed from 66.60% to15.83% in experimental zone, the change of two zones whose natural landscape area was decreasing were agreement with the entire zone. In the landscape fragmentation, the patch density index in entire zone increased from 27. to 46.15, landscape fragmentation was serious; the density index decreased from 27.60 to 26.60 and the average patch area increased in core zone, landscape fragmentation slightly increased but not significant; the change of buffer zone andexperimental zone were agreement with entire zone. In the landscape diversity, the diversity index in entire zone increased from 1.35 to 1.65, the landscape pattern become more complicated and the degree of heterogeneous increased ; landscape diversity slightly increased but not significant in core zone; the diversity index which transferred from 1.01 to 1.62 increased significantly in buffer zone; the landscape diversity index decreased from 1.40 to 1. 36 and the degree of heterogeneous decreased in experimental zone. The landscape pattern in entire zone was developi

关 键 词：滨海湿地 盐城国家级自然保护区 景观格局 景观指数 

分 类 号：P901[天文地球—自然地理学]