自杀意念新生心理健康状况及影响因素分析  

Psychological health condition and its influence factors among freshmen with suicidal ideation

作　　者：王冰蔚[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院大学生心理健康教育指导中心,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2012年第8期1086-1088,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：河南科技学院科技创新基金(2009kjcx10)

摘　　要：目的掌握大学新生有自杀意念者心理健康状况及影响因素,并提出预防对策。方法采用大学生人格问卷(UPI)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)对河南科技学院2009级3 850名新生进行问卷调查,筛查有自杀意念学生162人,采用回归分析法分析自杀意念与心理健康因素的关系。结果自杀意念检出率为4.21%,存在生源(χ2=12.36,P=0.000)、学科(χ2=18.4,P=0.002)差异,无性别差异(χ2=0.299,P=0.583);UPI、SCL-90量表中,有自杀意念者总分、因子均分高于无自杀意念者(P<0.01);回归分析显示,对自杀意念有影响的因素按OR值大小排列依次是:抑郁(17.238)、其他(2.453)、敌对(1.713)、偏执(1.647)、性别(0.676)、人际敏感(0.449)、强迫(0.412)。结论有自杀意念的新生心理健康水平较低,心境低落、睡眠障碍、饮食异常、敌对、偏执是自杀高风险因素,重点关注对口生、农科类学生,加强心理健康教育,构建心理危机干预体系。Objective To examine the suicidal ideation and its psychological factors among freshman for making related preventive strategies.Methods Totally 3 850 freshmen from Henan Institute of Science and Technology were investigated with University Personality Inventory（UPI）,Symptom Checklist 90（SCL-90）.Psychological factors associated with suicidal ideation were analyzed with binary logistic regression.Results The positive ratio of the suicidal ideation was 4.21%.There was a significant difference in the suicidal ideation between the students with different education background（χ^212.36,P=0.000） and different majors（χ^218.4,P=0.002）.There was no significant difference between female and male（χ^20.299,P=0.583）.The scores of UPI and SCL-90 showed that the students who had suicidal ideation had higher total score and the scores of ten factors than normal students（P〈0.01）.The logistic regression results indicated that the factors obviously correlatd with suicidal ideation were depression（odds ratio =17.238）,additional items（OR=2.453）,hostility（OR=1.713）,paranoid（OR=1.647）,gender（OR=0.676）,interpersonal-sensitivity（OR=0.449）,and obsessive-compulsive（OR=0.412）.Conclusion The mental health level of the freshmen with suicidal ideation is low.The depressed mood,sleeping disturbances,hostility,and paranoid are the risk factors of suicidal ideation.More attention should be taken to promote the mental health of the freshmen.

关 键 词：大学新生 自杀意念 心理健康 

分 类 号：R181.37[医药卫生—流行病学] R395.6[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]