小麦根尖染色体制片及植株倍性鉴定  

Wheat Root-tip Chromosome Preparation and Plant Ploidy Identification

作　　者：刘莹[1] 赵翠荣[1] 王立峰[1] 陈科海[1] 彭萍[1] 左珍喜 

机构地区：[1]襄阳市农业科学院,湖北襄阳441057

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2012年第25期12349-12350,共2页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：[目的]探讨小麦根尖染色体制片的最佳技术参数,并对小麦远杂组培苗进行倍性鉴定。[方法]以品种郑麦9023为材料,通过种子催芽、种子根根尖压片试验对小麦根尖的染色体制片方法进行探讨,找出最适合的技术参数,用于小麦远杂组培苗的根尖染色体压片试验,并对其倍性进行鉴定。[结果]利用冰水混合物处理根尖可代替浓度0.1%秋水仙素的作用;根尖的酸解时间宜控制在9.5～10.0min;夏季染色时间宜在5 min以内,冬季染色时间宜在10～15 min。经染色体压片计数得到该小麦组培苗的染色体数为21条,鉴定其为小麦单倍体苗,可进行下一步育种。[结论]该研究对指导单倍体育种具有重要作用。[Objective] To study the optimum parameters for preparing mitotic chromosome sample in wheat and to use this method to identify the ploidy level of wheat breeding materials.[Method] With Zhengmai 9023 as the test material,the chromosome samples were prepared by the method of root-tip cell chromosome pressing technology.The ploidy identification of wheat distant hybrid plant was made by the above technology through chromosome counting.[Result] The ice water mixture can replace 0.1% colchicine to treat the root-tip,the acidolysis time of root-tip should be controlled within 9.5-10.0 min,and the dyeing time should be controlled within 5 min in summer and 10-15 min in winter.21 chromosomes were obtained and identified to be haploid.They can be used for breeding.[Conclusion] The study has great significance to guide the breeding of haploid.

关 键 词：根尖 染色体压片 倍性鉴定 单倍体育种 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]