早春麦田划锄对麦田土壤水分状况及小麦生长发育的影响  

Effects of Intertillage Technology on Soil Water Status in Wheat Field and Wheat(Triticum aestivum Linn.) Growth and Development at Early Spring

作　　者：高超男[1] 赵鹏飞[1] 张宏彦[1,2] 黄成东[1] 李晓林[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [2]河北省邯郸市曲周实验站,河北邯郸057250

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2012年第25期12457-12458,12497,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河北省重大技术创新项目(12220201Z);邯郸市重点项目(1122101047)

摘　　要：[目的]研究早春麦田划锄对麦田土壤水分状况及小麦(Triticum aestivum Linn.)生长发育的影响,为相关研究提供数据支持。[方法]在2010～2011年华北地区麦区遭受多年不遇冬春气象干旱条件下,依托曲周县—中国农业大学万亩小麦玉米(Zea mays L.)高产高效技术研究基地,研究了早春麦田划锄技术对麦田土壤水分含量和小麦生长发育的影响。[结果]划锄可显著增加返青期麦田0～5和5～10 cm土层土壤的含水量,提高氮肥和水分的利用效率,增加小麦地上部生物量、成穗数和穗粒数,起到明显增产作用,平均增产12.6%,增收1 014元/hm2。[结论]划锄是一项被生产实践证明的行之有效的农田保墒节水技术措施,是一项有效的抗旱增产技术。[Objective] The purpose was to study the effects of intertillage technology on soil water status in wheat field and wheat growth and development at early spring,and provide a data support for corelation research.[Method] The influences of intertillage technology on soil water status in wheat field and wheat growth and development at early spring,under the condition of meteorological drought from winter of 2010 to spring of 2011 in North China,depending on the research base of Quzhou County-China Agricultural University of high yield and high efficiency technology research center for winter wheat and summer maize（Zea mays L.）.[Method] The results showed that intertillage could significantly increase soil water content of 0-5 cm and 5-10 cm at the regreening stage,enhance nitrogen fertilizer and water use efficiency,improve shoot biomass of wheat,spike number and kernel number per spike,and the yield of wheat was increased by 12.6% and the economic profit of intertillage was 1 014 yuan/hm2 higher than that of non-intertillage treatment.[Conclusion] Intertillage is an effective technology for preserving soil moisture and saving water which is proved in agricultural production practice,is an effective technology for drought resisting and yield increasing.

关 键 词：小麦 划锄 土壤含水量 生长发育 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]