基于形状记忆合金的新型消能减震装置抗震性能研究  

Seismic performance of a new energy dissipation device based on shape memory alloys

作　　者：陈云 吕西林[1] 蒋欢军[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学土木工程防灾国家重点实验室,上海200092

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2012年第15期110-115,共6页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大研究计划项目(90815029);"九七三"计划项目(2007CB714202)

摘　　要：首先通过形状记忆合金的材性试验研究了形状记忆合金的超弹性变形性能,并将其等效拟合为多线性模型,得到其设计参数,并详细介绍了分析计算时所采用的形状记忆合金的本构模型。针对框架结构的变形特点,提出一种基于形状记忆合金的消能减震装置,即在底层框架柱的反弯点附近设置锚固装置,形状记忆合金索的上端固定在锚固装置上,将其下端锚固在地下,在震时通过其来回反复变形耗散地震能量。然后通过有限元程序对设置形状记忆合金索的新型框架与普通框架进行静力推覆分析和低周反复分析,研究表明新型框架不仅屈服承载力和极限承载力高于普通框架,而且其滞回环更加饱满,累积塑性滞回耗能能力提高了41.4%,形状记忆合金索的滞回环也很饱满,具有优良的耗能能力,最后,比较了对角设置形状记忆合金索的框架的耗能能力与本消能减震装置的耗能能力。因此该消能减震装置在减轻框架柱震害方面具有一定的工程应用价值和前景。The super-elastic deformation behavior of a shape memory alloy（SMA） was studied through material test,its stress-strain curve was fitted as an equivalent multi-linear model,and its constitutive model was detailedly introduced.According to the deformation characteristics of the frame structure,an energy dissipation device based on shape memory alloys was presented,in which an anchorage device was set near the inflection point of columns,the top of a SMA cable was connected with the anchorage device and its bottom fixed in the ground.When experiencing an earthquake,seismic energy would be dissipated by repeated deformation of the SMA cable.The performances of the SMA frame and the ordinary frame were compared through static pushover analysis and low cyclic analysis.The results show that the SMA frame has a higher yield and ultimate load bearing capacity than the ordinary frame,and its hysteresis loop is broader.The capacity of accumulating plastic hysteretic energy increases by 41.4%.In addition,a comparative study between a frame structure with simply diagonally installed SMA cable and the energy dissipation device proposed in the paper was made,by which the advantages of the proposed device were clearly presented.

关 键 词：形状记忆合金索 超弹性变形 反弯点 静力推覆分析 低周反复分析 滞回耗能 

分 类 号：TU352.1[建筑科学—结构工程]