广东省顺德区和云安县基本公共卫生服务均等化现况调查  

Current status of basic public health services equalization in Shunde District and Yun-an County in Guangdong Province

作　　者：郝爱华 陈岩 刘勇鹰[2] 易学锋[2] 梁宁[2] 张一愚[3] 张永慧[2] 

机构地区：[1]广东省公共卫生研究院,广东广州510300 [2]广东省疾病预防控制中心 [3]广东省卫生厅

出　　处：《华南预防医学》2012年第4期19-23,共5页South China Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的通过比较不同经济地区基本公共卫生服务现状,找出广东省基本公共卫生服务不均等的原因和问题。方法 2010年8月,采用典型抽样问卷调查方法,对顺德区和云安县社区卫生服务中心(站)和乡镇卫生院进行普查,问卷内容包括人力资源现状、基本公共卫生服务经费来源、基本公共卫生服务项目的提供情况等;采用系统抽样方法按20%的比例随机抽取上述两地区的住户,进行面对面的访谈式问卷调查,调查内容包括对基本公共卫生服务的知晓和接受情况。结果顺德区共有11家社区卫生服务中心,每千人拥有街道医院卫生技术人员平均为4.55人,拥有预防保健卫生技术人员为0.12人;云安县共有9家乡镇卫生院,每千人拥有乡镇卫生院卫生技术人员、预防保健人员分别为0.70和0.06人。顺德区卫生技术人员学历以大专最多,占48.9%(2 703/5 524),职称构成以初级为主,占65.2%(3 606/5 524);云安县卫生技术人员学历以中专最多,占67.5%(172/255),职称构成以初级为主,占60.0%(153/255)。9项基本公共卫生服务,5项及以上服务知晓率,顺德区居民为50.2%(287/572),云安县为19.5%(48/246)(P<0.01)。其中两地区居民知晓率最低的项目均为建立居民健康档案、重性精神疾病管理和老年人保健,分别为24.5%、31.6%、36.4%和14.2%、10.2%、20.7%。居民得到的较少的公共卫生服务项目有建立居民健康档案、老年人保健和糖尿病人管理,顺德区接受率分别为19.8%、25.4%和25.5%,云安县分别为4.9%、7.5%和0,顺德区高于云安县(P<0.01)。2009年,顺德区婴儿死亡率为2.1‰,云安县为4.2‰;期望寿命顺德区为77.6岁,云安县为74.0岁。结论不同经济状况地区的公共卫生资源分布、服务能力、服务结果不均等,按照均等化原则,应加大对欠发达地区的支持力度。Objective To figure out the problems in regard to inequity of basic public health services and the contributing factors through comparative study across regions with different economic development in Guangdong Province. Methods Sample-typical method was used in questionnaire survey between community health care and medical service in Shunde District and Yun-an County. Content of the questionnaire included human resources, financial resources, service items of basic public health service, etc. The investigation was conducted in 20% of all residents from these areas with systematic random sampling meth- od. Questionnaire interview with face to face was carried out to study the awareness and utilization of the basic public health service. Results Shunde District had 11 community health service institutes. The av- erage number of medical technicians was 4.55/1 000 people, while of medical and preventive care staffs was 0. 12/1 000 people. Yun-an County had 9 township hospitals . There were 0.70 medical technicians and 0.06 medical and preventive care staffs per thousand people in this county. 48.9% （2 703/5 524）of medical technicians were college diploma holders in Shunde, while 67.5% （172/255）were technical secondary school degree holders in Yun-an. Junior professional title accounted for 65.2% （3 606/5 524）in Shunde and 60.0% （ 153/255 ） in Yun-an. Among 9 basic public health service items, the awareness rate of 5 items or above was 50.2% （287/572） in Shunde and 19.5% （48/246） （P 〈0.01 ） in Yun-an. Among these items, the lower awareness rate of items in both Shunde and Yun-an were as follows： establishment heahhcare record, management of dangerous psychopath, and elderly health care. The awareness rates of these three items in Shunde were 24.5% , 31.6% , and 36.4% ,while 14.2% , 10.2% , and 20.7% in Yun-an, respectively. The residents gained less public health service items, especially related to establish- ment of healtheare record, elderly health care, and management of diabetic pa

关 键 词：公共卫生 均等化 

分 类 号：R19[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]