某焦化生产场地典型污染物的垂向分布特征  

Vertical distribution of typical contaminants at a coking plant site,China

作　　者：张亦弛[1,2] 于玲红[3] 王培俊[1] 白利平[1] 王金波[1] 刘俐[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [2]长安大学环境科学与工程学院,陕西西安710064 [3]内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院,内蒙古包头014010

出　　处：《煤炭学报》2012年第7期1211-1218,共8页Journal of China Coal Society

基　　金：环保公益性行业科研专项资助项目(200909074);POPs斯德哥尔摩公约履约行动与运行管理资助项目(C/V/S/10/184)

摘　　要：在西南某焦化场地采集了18个土壤剖面样和1个表层样,利用GC-MS等对土壤中的总氰化物、重金属、总石油烃和多环芳烃进行了定量分析,并研究了其在0～1 m深土壤剖面中的垂向分布特征。结果表明:①在预计可能存在污染的推焦线路附近,焦油回收点、机械化澄清槽和硫铵、粗苯生产设施附近以及焦油车间沥青传送带附近土壤中,污染物均有超标;②与对照点G20的土壤背景值相比,该焦化厂区域表层土壤中总氰化物、重金属、总石油烃和PAHs均有检出,且超过A级检测标准,说明焦化厂表层土壤已受到污染;③该焦化厂生产中废水、废气及废渣的长期渗漏、沉降和淋溶造成了0.5～1.0 m土壤的污染;④该焦化厂区域的土壤中总氰化物、总石油烃、总PAHs和苯并[a]芘的污染较严重,且部分样点底层(1.0 m)土壤中的浓度较高,说明在深层土壤可能存在更严重的污染。因此该区域土地在重新开发规划其他用途时,需要考虑土壤修复的深度以及地下水的修复。Eighteen profile samples and one surface sample of the soil at a coking plant site in the southwest of China were collected. Total cyanide, heavy metals, total petroleum hydrocarbons （TPHs） and polycyclic aromatic hydrocar- bons （PAHs） were analyzed by GC-MS and other methods, and distribution of theirs in 0-1 m depth soil profile were discussed. The results show that the areas around coke oven, coke pushing line, coal tar recovery point, mechanization settler, production facility of ammonium sulfate and crude benzol and asphalt conveyor belt of this coking plant are se- verely polluted. The contents of detected total cyanide, TPHs and PAHs in top soils are higher than standard A, which indicates the top soil has been polluted. The contamination in 0.5-1.0 m soil is developed by leaked waste water, de- posited flue gas and waste solids. In bottom soil（ 1.0 m） of some sample points, the higher concentrations of total cya- nide,TPHs,PAHs and benzo[ a] pyrene are influenced by long-term pollution and construction disturbance,where can detect more contamination in deeper soil. Therefore, groundwater remediation should be considered as well as remedial depth of soil during the redevelopment and planning of this area.

关 键 词：焦化厂 钢铁生产 污染 土壤 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]