临床医务人员锐器伤现状调查分析  

Current status of sharp instrument injuries of clinical medical staff

作　　者：王一瑶[1] 王海燕[2] 邓钰[3] 于子旭[4] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学医学院临床医学系,山东济南250012 [2]山东大学护理学院护理系,山东济南250012 [3]山东大学附属省立医院儿外科,山东济南250021 [4]山东大学附属省立医院护理部,山东济南250021

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2012年第16期3576-3578,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：山东省科技发展计划项目(2010RKGA2012)

摘　　要：目的了解临床医务人员锐器伤现状及相关影响因素,为进一步制定职业防护措施提供科学依据。方法按照分层整群抽样抽取一定数量的医务人员,采用填写调查问卷的方式收集资料。结果 571名调查对象中,发生锐器伤者389人,锐器伤发生率为68.13%,共计发生1058人次,人均被刺伤2.72次;工作年限≤5、6～10、≥11年的医务人员锐器伤的发生率为78.73%、71.52%、46.05%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=48.790,P<0.01);318人被污染的锐器损伤,270人进行上报,上报率为84.91%,被HBV、HCV患者污染的锐器致伤的上报率均为100.00%,被其他不明感染患者污染的锐器致伤上报率为75.76%;医务人员锐器伤主要发生于操作前准备用物时及操作中,占33.18、35.35%。结论临床医务人员锐器伤发生率较高,应加强对医务人员的职业防护教育,规范操作流程,实施标准预防,降低锐器伤的发生率。OBJECTIVE To estimate the current situation and relevant influencing factors of sharp instrument injuries of medical staff, to provide the scientific basis for further formulating prevention measures. METHODS By means of filling out questionnaires, a certain number of medical staff were randomly selected according to the stratified cluster sampling. RESULTS Of 571 subjects investigated, the sharp instrument injuries occurred in 389 cases with the incidence rate of 68.13%, there were totally 1058 case-times of sharp instrument injuries with the mean sharp injuries of 2.72 times; the incidence rates of the sharp instrument injuries in the medical staff with the work experience less than 5 years, 6--10 years, and more than 11 years were 78.73%, 71.52%, and 46.05%, respectively, the difference was statistically significant （ 2 _ 48. 790, P 〈 0. 01）; of 318 cases who got contaminated sharp injuries, 270 cases were reported with the report rate of 84. 91%, the report rates of the medical staff with sharp injuries contaminated by the patients with HBV or HCV were 100.00% and 75.76% of the medical staff with sharp injuries contaminated by unknown infections; the sharp injuries mainly occurred in the preoperative preparation and intraoperative procedure, accounting for 33. 18% and 35. 35%, respectively. CONCLUSION The incidence of sharp instrument injuries is relatively high in the clinical medical staff; it is necessary to intensify the occupational prevention education, standardize the operation procedure, and implement the prevention criterions so as to reduce the incidence of sharp instrument injuries.

关 键 词：医务人员 锐器伤 现状 调查 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]