革兰阳性球菌的耐药性调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of drug resistance of gram-positive cocci

作　　者：王丽[1] 马杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省新华医院检验科,湖北武汉430015

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2012年第16期3664-3665,共2页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的了解2010年住院患者感染性标本中分离的革兰阳性球菌分布及耐药特征,为临床抗感染治疗选择抗菌药物提供实验室参考依据。方法革兰阳性球菌培养及鉴定严格按照《全国临床检验操作规程》,采用常规方法进行;药敏试验和结果判断采用CLSI推荐的K-B法进行。结果分离的178株革兰阳性球菌以金黄色葡萄球菌居多,占62.9%,其次是凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、肠球菌属,占22.5%、14.6%;革兰阳性球菌对常用抗菌药物大多数呈现多药耐药现状,耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌(MRS)检出率为60.5%,未发现对糖肽类抗菌药物中介和耐药的葡萄球菌属,耐万古霉素肠球菌属检出率为3.8%。结论临床医师应及时送检感染性标本进行病原菌培养和药敏试验,根据病原菌类型及耐药特征合理选择使用抗菌药物。OBJECTIVE To approach the constituent ratios and antimicrobial resistance of gram-positive cocci isolated from infectious specimens of hospitalized patients in 2010 and provide experimental basis for clinical use of antibiotics for anti-infection chemotherapy. METHODS Referring to National Guide to Clinical Laboratory Procedures, bacterial culture and identification were performed by the routine methods. The drug susceptibility test was performed by K-B method recommended by CLSI. RESULTS Among the 178 strains of gram-positive cocci isolated, Staphylococcus aureus isolates were the dominant pathogens, accounting for 62.9%, followed by coagulase-negative Staphylococcus （22.5 %） and Enterococcus （14.6 %） ; gram-positive cocci were resistant to the most of commonly used antibiotics, the detection rate of methicillin-resistant S. aureus （MRSA） was 60.5%, and no Staphylococcus isolates intermediate or resistant to glycopeptide antibiotics were found. CONCLUSION The clinician should perform the bacterial culture and drug susceptibility testing for the submitted specimens in a timely manner and prescribe antibiotics in accordance with the species of the pathogens and the characteristics of drug resistance.

关 键 词：革兰阳性球菌 构成比 耐药性 医院感染 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]