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作 者:贺哲
机构地区:[1]河南省气象台,郑州450003
出 处:《气象》2012年第8期932-942,共11页Meteorological Monthly
摘 要:利用常规观测资料、地面自动站加密观测资料以及NCEP1°×1°格点再分析资料,对2006年3月27日发生在河南省的一次沙尘暴过程的天气成因进行了分析。结果表明,这是一次冷锋南下时产生的沙尘暴天气,高空影响系统是携带冷空气东南移并发展的小槽,此短波槽最终替代了原有的东亚大槽。前期降水少导致地表干燥,河南省北部、东部的黄泛平原沙土土层为沙尘暴的发生提供了丰富的沙源。冷锋影响时,强烈的温度平流作用使得风力加大,垂直运动加强。锋生作用使冷锋导致的天气现象更为剧烈。冷锋不仅是静力不稳定能量的触发系统,锋区内还存在对称不稳定,有利于垂直运动进一步加强,将沙尘输送至高空。地面中尺度滤波表明,中尺度低压的形成和发展不仅使得湍流混合加强,同时也加剧了不稳定能量的释放。沙尘在强风、强湍流混合以及强上升气流作用下最终形成沙尘暴。On the basis of the data obtained by conventional observations, ground densified automatic weather stations (AWS), and NCEP 1°×1° reanalysis data, the synoptic causation of the sandstorm hap- pening over Henan Province on March 27, 2006 was analyzed. The results show that the sandstorm oc- curred during the passage of a cold front. The upper air affecting synoptic system was a short wave trough which carried cold air, moved southeastward, developed and eventually substituted the former East Asia major trough. The deficient anterior precipitation resulted in the dryness of the surface. The Yellow River Flood Plain in North and East Henan Province provided abundant sand and dust to the occurrence of sand- storm. During the passage of cold front, the powerful temperature advection intensified wind power and vertical motion. The frontogenesis strengthened weather phenomena resulting from cold front. The cold front not only was the triggering system of static instability energy, but also had symmetrical instability inside which played an important role in the further enhancement of vertical motion and sending dust and sand to high levels. Mesoscale filtering of ground densified observations indicated that the formation and development of mesoscale low not only strengthened turbulent mixing, but also intensified the release of instability energy. The sandstorm was eventually formed by the effects of powerful wind, strong turbulent mixing and intensified upward air flow.
分 类 号:P445.4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]
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