四个牦牛品种MC1R基因部分序列的多态性研究  

Polymorphism in Part Sequence of MC1R Gene in Four Yak Breeds

作　　者：高旭东[1,2] 余四九[1] 王明亮[1] 陈鹏[1] 郝明超[1,1] 刘犇[1] 王继卿[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物医学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省草食动物生物技术重点实验室,兰州730070

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2012年第8期141-145,共5页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BAC53B06)

摘　　要：为探索4个牦牛品种MC1R基因多态性的相关信息,选取甘南牦牛、天祝白牦牛、青海高原牦牛、大通牦牛4个品种共408头个体为研究对象,采用PCR-SSCP方法分析牦牛MC1R基因部分序列的基因多态性。结果表明,与GenBank中牛MCIR基因序列(登录号:AF445641.1)比对发现,该扩增片段在3 891 bp处发生C→G的突变,在3 912 bp处发生T→C的突变,共发现CC、DD、EE、CD、CE和DE 6种基因型。4个牦牛品种中CD、CE和DE 3种基因型在青海高原牦牛和大通牦牛中占主要优势,这3种基因型频率总和在青海高原牦牛和大通牦牛群体中分别是0.778和0.781。DD和CD两基因型是甘南牦牛群里中的优势基因型,其基因型频率分别是0.351和0.328。天祝白牦牛中优势基因型是DD,其基因型频率是0.500。D等位基因是4个地方品种牦牛中的优势等位基因。4个地方品种在该基因座上都处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P>0.05)。青海高原牦牛和大通牦牛两个群体处于高度多态(PIC>0.5),甘南牦牛和天祝白牦牛处于中度多态(0.25<PIC<0.5)。To explore genetic polymorphisms of MCIR gene in yaks by PCR-SSCP technique, 408 yaks were selected which include Gannan yak, Tianzhu White yak, Qinghai Highland yak and Datong yak. The sequencing result showed that there were a base transformation of C → G at the 3 891th bp and a base transformarion of T →C at the 3 912th bp contrasting with the AF445641.1 of cattle in MCIR gene. Six genotypes CC, DD, EE, CD, CE and DE were detected. The genotypes CD, CE and DE were advantage genotypes in Qinghai Highland yak and Datong yak, the genotype frequency were 0.778 and 0.781. The genotypes DD and CD were advantage genotypes in Gannan yak, the genotype frequency were 0.351 and 0.328. The advantage genotypes in Tianzhu White yak were DD and the genotype frequency was 0.500. The frequency of D allele was higher than other alleles in four breeds. The populations of yaks were Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium at these locus. Qinghai Highland yak and Datong yak. Gannan yak and Tianzhu White yak, the polymorphisms information contents were moderate polymorphisms （ 0.25〈PIC〈0.5 ） , others were in high polymorphisms.

关 键 词：牦牛 MC1R基因 PCR-SSCP 基因多态性 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]