微气孔球扁药之空气、溶剂蒸汽成孔机理  

Mechanism of Hole Formation with Air and Solvent Vapor in Micro-pores Oblate Spherical Powder

作　　者：郭长平[1] 蔺向阳[1] 袁超[1] 潘仁明[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《含能材料》2012年第4期418-422,共5页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2008BAK40B02)

摘　　要：球扁药的多孔结构能改变其燃烧时的传热、传质方式,同时降低弧厚和增大燃面,从而实现火药在武器中的快速燃烧。针对微气孔球扁药中微气孔的形成原因,提出了空气、溶剂蒸汽、悬浮介质水等几种可能的成孔因素。通过排除或弱化水成孔因素,分别采用静置脱泡和快速升温方法,并测量堆积密度、用扫描电镜观察药粒剖面结构等表征手段,验证了球扁药制备工艺中空气、溶剂蒸汽成孔机理。结果表明:空气是微气孔球扁药成孔的一个因素,但影响很小,可以忽略,孔随机分布在球扁药中;溶剂蒸汽不是微气孔球扁药成孔的因素,快速驱溶不会造成球扁药的多气孔化,但能沿径向改变球扁药密度。The oblate spherical powder with micro-pores（MOSP）can change the transfer mode of heat and quantity in the process of its combustion, reduce its web thickness and increase its burning surface, so as to achieve the rapid combustion of propellant in weapons. In view of the causes of the hole formation in MOSP, several factors of hole formation were discussed： air, solvent vapor and water. By means of eliminating or weakening the factor of hole formation by water, standing for removing the air bubbles and quick heating respectively, determining bulk density and observing section microstructure of MOSP with a microscope, the mechanisms of hole formation by air and by solvent vapor were confirmed. Results indicate that the air is a tiny factor of hole formation, and can be ignored. The range of pore diameter is from micro/nano to several millimeters,and the pores randomly distribute in MOSP. The solvent vapor is not a factor of hole formation,and the quick heating can not make pores in MOSP, but it can change the bulk density of MOSP along radial.

关 键 词：军事化学与烟火技术 微气孔球扁药 成孔机理 空气 溶剂蒸汽 

分 类 号：TQ560.1[化学工程—炸药化工]