国产GPS探空系统探测能力分析  

Analysis on Measure Ability of Chinese-Developed GPS Sounding Technology

作　　者：李峰[1] 邢毅[1] 杨荣康[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局气象探测中心,北京100081

出　　处：《气象科技》2012年第4期513-519,共7页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：2011年公益性行业专项(GYHY201106002)资助

摘　　要：实验室测试和外场比对试验表明,我国研制的GPS探空系统采用卫星导航测风体制进行测风,GPS高度反算气压取代气压传感器,较之雷达探空体制要更为准确和精确。其在电气性能和稳定性、可靠性方面满足CIMO的探空要求。实验室测试表明,在采用新型温、湿、压传感器和测试条件情况下,准确性误差分别在±0.1℃、±2%、±1hPa之内,满足WMO对常规高空探测要求。与RS92型探空系统相比,国产GPS探空仪的动态测量性能除相对湿度准确性方面由于技术和工艺水平仍有一定差距外,其余要素已接近RS92的水平,尤其与GPS定位相关的气压、位势高度、风向和风速,其一致性标准差已与RS92相当,达到了较高的水平。与我国现有高空探测业务使用的L波段探空系统相比,测量准确性方面已优于L波段探空系统。Laboratory tests and field trials show that compared with the radar sounding system,the China-developed GPS sounding system,which uses the satellite navigation wind measurement system for wind and the derived pressure from GPS heights for pressure,has higher accuracy and precision.Its electrical performance,stability,and reliability meet the requirements of CIMO.Laboratory tests show that using the new humidity and pressure sensors in the new test conditions,the errors of accuracy are at ± 0.1 ℃,± 2%,and ± 1 hPa,within the WMO requirements of conventional upper air sounding.Compared with the RS92 sounding system,the dynamic measurement performance of domestic GPS radiosondes,except for the accuracy of the relative humidity,is close to the RS92 level,especially pressure,geopotential height,wind direction and wind speed that are related with the GPS positioning,whose standard deviations of the consistency are almost equivalent to those of RS92.As for measurement accuracy,the domestic GPS radiosonde is overall better than the operational L-band sounding system.

关 键 词：GPS探空 传感器 准确性 

分 类 号：P412.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]