天气条件及气团来源对青岛春季大气颗粒物数浓度谱分布的影响  

Size distribution of atmospheric particles in number concentration in relation to meteorological conditions and air mass origins in Qingdao in spring

作　　者：李瑞芃[1] 石金辉[1,2] 张代洲 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [3]日本熊本县立大学环境共生学部,日本熊本862-8502

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2012年第8期1392-1399,共8页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41176097);国家"973"项目(2011CB409802);中日国际科技合作项目(No.2010DFA91350)

摘　　要：利用2010年春季在青岛观测的不同粒径大气颗粒物数浓度,结合同期的Micaps天气图资料及后向轨迹分析资料,探讨了不同天气条件及气团来源不同时青岛大气颗粒物数浓度谱的变化特征.结果表明,沙尘发生前12h,大气中0.3~1.0μm的细粒子数浓度逐渐小幅升高,沙尘发生时〉1.0μm粗颗粒物数浓度较沙尘发生前升高了1~10倍,0.3~1.0μm细颗粒物数浓度则降低了20%~45%.降雨使〉1.0μm粗粒子数浓度降低〉50%,降雨后大气颗粒物尤其是细粒子数浓度很快回升.雾和霾天气发生时〈1.0μm细粒子数浓度较之雾、霾前均明显升高,雾对0.7~1.0μm颗粒物的影响较大,而霾对0.5~0.7μm颗粒物的影响较大.气团来源对青岛大气颗粒物数浓度及其谱分布有一定影响,沙尘源气溶胶中〉1.0μm粗粒子数浓度较高,而局地源气溶胶中粗粒子数浓度较低,〈0.7μm细粒子相对贡献较大.Number concentrations of atmospheric particles were measured in the suburban area of Qingdao in the spring of 2010.Size distributions of number concentrations of atmospheric particles were investigated in terms of impacts of meteorological conditions（e.g.,Micaps weather charts and the calculated air mass back trajectories） and various air mass origins.The results showed that number concentrations of particles at 0.3~1.0μm size range slightly increased since 12 hours prior to the dust events,then reduced by 20%~45% during dust events.However,number concentrations of particles 〉 1.0μm increased by a factor of 1~10 times during the dust events.Rainfall was found to remove more than 50% of particles 〉1.0μm from the atmosphere.It is interesting that number concentrations,especially in the submicron size range,increased rapidly post the rain.During fog and haze events,there were a significant increase of 〈1.0μm particles in number concentration.The increase was more obvious for 0.7~1.0μm particles in fog days and 0.5~0.7μm particles during haze events.The particle number concentrations and size distributions were also likely related to air mass trajectories.Air mass originated from Mongolia contains more super micron particles while the particles from the local air mass were mainly distributed in the 〈0.7μm size range.

关 键 词：大气颗粒物 数浓度谱 沙尘 霾 雾 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]