近钻头钻具声波传播特性分析  

Analysis of the Characteristics of Acoustic Wave Propagation of Near-bit Drilling Tool

作　　者：李志刚[1] 葛世瞳[1] 管志川[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院

出　　处：《石油机械》2012年第8期1-4,共4页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家863计划项目"低压易漏地层钻井关键技术及装备"(2012AA091601);国家自然科学基金项目"基于钻柱的声信号传输系统和声波特性的研究"(50974131);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目"井下随钻声波无线通信方法的研究"(10CX04033A);中国博士后科学基金项目"随钻测量探管的研究"(2011M501164)

摘　　要：为了利用声波将近钻头处的信息传输至远钻头端,运用有限元方法分析了常见近钻头钻具(普通钻铤、螺旋钻铤、整体直棱稳定器、整体螺旋稳定器和螺杆钻具)的声波传播特性。分析结果表明,由于轴向上的截面形式和大小基本保持一致,普通钻铤和螺旋钻铤不仅具有较好的时域特性,没有严重的波形反复震荡现象发生,而且具有较宽的通频带;稳定器段的出现使得轴向上声波阻抗不连续,其他3种钻具不仅在其时域波形中出现波形的反复震荡,其通频带宽度也大幅变窄。因此,普通钻铤和螺旋钻铤更适合于作为近钻头声波信号传输的通道,当必须使用其他3种钻具时,则必须采用辅助的信号处理措施。To make use of sound waves to transmit the information at the near-bit place to the far-bit end, the finite element method was used to analyze the acoustic wave propagation characteristics of common near-bit drilling tools, such as ordinary drill collar, spiral drill collar, integrated straight blade stabilizer, integrated spiral stabilizer and screw drill. The analysis shows that due to the fact that the axial cross-sectional form and size are basically consistent, ordinary collar and spiral collar have the desirable time domain property with no occurrence of serious repeated waveform concussion. Moreover, they have a relatively wide pass band. The occurrence of the stabilizer section makes the axial acoustic wave resistance discontinuous. As for the other three drilling tools the repeated waveform concussion occurs in their time domain waveform and their pass band width also becomes remarkably narrow. Therefore, ordinary collar and spiral collar are more suitable as the channel of near-bit acoustic wave signal transmission. When it is necessary to use the other three drilling tools, the auxiliary signal processing measures must be taken.

关 键 词：近钻头 钻具 螺旋钻铤 直棱稳定器 声波 传播特性 

分 类 号：TE921.01[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]