单牙轮钻头牙齿网状切削破岩试验研究  

Experimental Research on the Tooth Reticular Cutting Rock-breaking of Single Cone Bit

作　　者：邓嵘[1] 许友斌[1] 胡琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学机电工程学院

出　　处：《石油机械》2012年第8期10-14,共5页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：四川省应用基础研究项目"牙轮钻头纳米硬质合金牙齿研究"(2008JY0114-2)

摘　　要：通过在平面岩样上进行牙齿网状切削组合试验,获得每种情况下的岩石破碎平均深度、破碎面积和破碎体积。根据获得的切削力和破碎体积,计算出单位长度破碎体积和单位体积破碎功,研究这2项指标与各种组合试验参数之间的关系,得到牙齿齿形、岩石性质、切削深度、切槽间距和切槽交叉角度对牙齿破岩的影响规律,找出每种牙齿的最佳切削参数组合,并对齿形的优劣进行评价。试验研究结果表明,网状切削破岩效果优于单向切削破岩方式和以压入为主的破岩方式。此外,无论是软砂岩地层还是硬砂岩地层,在单牙轮钻头上采用楔形齿要优于锥球齿。加大钻压,相当于加大切深,可以获得好的破岩效果。不同的切削组合,各有合理的间距。The tooth reticular cutting combination experiment was conducted on the planar rock sample to obtain the average rock breaking depth, breaking area and breaking size in each case. The breaking size per unit length and crushing energy per unit length were calculated according to the obtained cutting force and breaking size. The relation between both indexes and various combination test parameters was studied to obtain the effect law of tooth profile, rock property, cutting depth, grooving distance and grooving cross angle on tooth rock breaking, to find out the optimal cutting parametric combination of each kind of tooth and to make an assessment of the quality of tooth profile. The experimental findings show that the effect of reticular cutting rock breaking is better than that of the rock breaking method mainly adopting unidirectional cutting and under-indentation. In addition whether it is ho- lystone formation or greywacke formation, adoption of wedge tooth on single-screw wheel head is better than that of cone tooth. Increase of drilling pressure is equivalent to increase of cutting depth, which can obtain desirable rock breaking effect. Different cutting combinations have their own reasonable spacings.

关 键 词：单牙轮钻头 牙齿 网状切削 岩石破碎 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]