“9·11事件”后美国政府的酷刑政策及其影响  

US Government Policy on Torture after September 11 th and Its Impact

作　　者：龚刃韧[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院

出　　处：《中国社会科学》2012年第8期131-152,206,共22页Social Sciences in China

摘　　要："9.11事件"后,布什政府授权美国军方和情报机构对在海外抓获并拘留的恐怖活动嫌疑人采用严酷的审讯手段。允许虐待是美国政府实施酷刑政策的主要策略。剥夺那些被拘留者的正当程序保护,既背离了美国的法治传统,也违反了人权条约。禁止酷刑不仅是条约规则,而且已成为国际习惯法规则乃至强行法。美国政府负有域外适用人权条约不可克减条款的义务。美国政府酷刑政策产生的主要原因是:"9.11事件"的恐怖效应、美国宪法对总统战争权缺乏明确的限制以及美国国内抵制国际人权的各种思潮。酷刑政策的影响将长期持续。Following the events of September 11,the Bush administration authorized US military and intelligence agencies to use harsh interrogation techniques against terrorist suspects who had been captured and detained overseas.Permitting such abuse was the US government's main strategy in implementing its torture policy.Depriving the detainees of due process runs counter to the US legal tradition and contravenes human rights treaties.Prohibition of torture is not only laid down in human rights treaties,but has also become part of international customary law and even imperative law.The US government has non-derogable obligations with respect to the extraterritorial application of human rights treaties.The major reasons the US adopted its torture policy were the effects of the terror arising from the events of September 11 ;the lack of constraints on presidential war powers under the US Constitution ;and the opposition to international human rights of various schools of thought within the US.The torture policy will have a long-lasting effect.

关 键 词：酷刑 恐怖主义 人权条约 法治 

分 类 号：D771.2[政治法律—政治学]