皮炎湿疹患者124例斑贴试验结果分析  

Results analysis of patch test on 124 cases with dermatitis and eczema

作　　者：赵玲一[1] 邢燕[1] 邹宇[1] 唐清体[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都大学附属医院皮肤科,四川成都610081

出　　处：《现代医药卫生》2012年第15期2264-2265,2267,共3页Journal of Modern Medicine & Health

摘　　要：目的探讨皮炎湿疹类疾病接触性变应原的特点及与不同过敏性疾病、职业之间的关系。方法采用"百亿"斑贴试验变应原对124例皮炎湿疹患者(面部皮炎63例,手部湿疹17例,脐周皮炎10例,其他部位皮炎湿疹34例)进行皮肤斑贴试验检测。结果 124例患者总阳性率为66.13%。阳性率位居前3位的变应原依次为硫酸镍、氯化氨基汞(白降汞)、橡胶4。两种及其以上变应原阳性者达33.87%。男女之间阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.256,P>0.05)。脐周皮炎患者阳性率为100.00%,而面部皮炎、手部湿疹、其他部位皮炎湿疹患者阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.681,P>0.05)。不同职业与变应原种类之间无明显相关性。结论该试验结果显示最常见的变应原是硫酸镍、白降汞、橡胶4、香料1和重铬酸钾。斑贴试验有助于明确皮炎湿疹患者的接触性变应原,对预防皮炎湿疹具有重要意义。Objective To investigate the characteristics of contact allergens in the patients with dermatitis and eczema and to explore the relationship between allergens with different hypersensitivity diseases and occupations. Methods 124 patients with dermatitis and eczema（63 cases of facial dermatitis, 17 cases of hand eczema, 10 cases of periumbilical dermatitis and 34 of other part dermatitis eczema） were examined with Baiyi standard series patch-test reagent box. Results The total positive rate was 66.13%. The allergens of top 3 positive rates were nickel sulfate, ammoniated mercury and rubber mix 4. 33.87% of the patients had 2 or more allergens positive. The positive rates of the allergens in males or females had no statistical difference （X^2= 0.256 ,P〉0.05 ）. The positive rate in the patients with periumbilical dermatitis was 100.00% ,while which in the patients with fa cial dermatitis, hand eczema and other part dermatitis and eczema had no statistical difference among them （X2=0.681, P〉0.05 ）. Different occupations and allergen types had no obvious correlation. Conclusion The tests results show that nickel sulfate,ammoniated mercury, rubber mix 4, fragrance mix 1, potassium dichromate are the main allergens. Patch test is conducive to identify the contact allergens in the patients with dermatitis and eczema and has important significance for prevention.

关 键 词：皮炎 湿疹 斑片试验 变应原 

分 类 号：R758.23[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]