抗菌肽的生物学功能及应用前景的研究进展(英文)  

Bioactivity and application prospect of antimicrobial peptide

作　　者：何麒[1] 沈奇骢[1] 黄宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西基础医学与法医学院,成都610000

出　　处：《中国抗生素杂志》2012年第8期561-567,598,共8页Chinese Journal of Antibiotics

摘　　要：抗微生物肽(简称抗菌肽)是天然免疫系统的重要组成成分。它是一类分子量小、两亲性、带正电、进化上保守的小分子肽类物质。细菌、真菌、植物、无脊椎动物、脊椎动物以及人类等几乎所有生物中均可找到其的存在。在多细胞生物中,抗菌肽通过发挥一系列膜杀伤作用展示出了广谱抗微生物效应,从而扮演着一个重要的机体防御角色。这些防御效应包括抗细菌效应、抗真菌效应、抗寄生虫效应、抗病毒效应以及抗肿瘤效应。除了这些防御效应以外,抗菌肽也参与了机体的一系列生理和病理生理过程,包括免疫调节、伤口愈合、生殖过程以及决定犬类动物毛色等。近年来,随着微生物耐药现象越来越普遍,人们面临着日益严重的挑战,而对抗菌肽各种生物学功能的深入阐释,给我们带来了一种新的控制感染的有效途径。抗菌肽的这些生物学功能以及其潜在应用前景将在这篇综述中予以讨论。Antimicrobial peptide （AMP） is a key component of the innate immune system. They are small molecular mass, amphipathicity, cationic charge, evolutionary conserved and produced by almost all living organisms, include bacteria, fungi, plants, invertebrates, vertebrates, as well as humans. In multicellular organisms, antimicrobial peptide plays a crucial role in host defense system by showing broad antimicrobial activities through several membrane killing effects. These multiple defensive activities of antimicrobial peptides conclude antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, antiviral and antitumor activities. Besides serving the host defense function, AMPs also take part in some physiological and pathophysiological processes, such as immune modulation, wound healing, reproduction and even determination of canine coat color. In recent years, people faced a grave challenge of the microorganism drug-resistant problem. However, the in-depth clarify of the biological functions of antimicrobial peptide brings us a new way to control infections on clinical work. These activities and the latent application prospect of AMPs are discussed in this review.

关 键 词：抗微生物肽 生物学功能 机体防御功能 

分 类 号：Q5[生物学—生物化学]