大肠埃希菌的耐药特点与产超广谱β-内酰胺酶基因型分布  

Drug resistance of Escherichia coliand genotyping of ESBLs

作　　者：李林[1] 赖小美[1] 郭有能[1] 方家[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西中医学院附属医院感染科,江西南昌330006

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2012年第15期3206-3208,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：江西省重点科技推广项目(2009CCB01000)

摘　　要：目的探讨大肠埃希菌的耐药特点和产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)基因型分布。方法对2009年1月-2010年12月临床分离的231株大肠埃希菌进行耐药性统计和ESBLs基因分析。结果尿液、痰液为最主要标本来源,占43.29%、22.08%;大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林(耐药率85.28%)等多数β-内酰胺类、环丙沙星(75.76%)等氟喹诺酮类、庆大霉素(52.38%)等氨基糖苷类耐药率较高,对美罗培南(4.33%)等碳青霉烯类、头孢哌酮/他唑巴坦(6.93%)等含他唑巴坦β-内酰胺类抗菌药物耐药率低;CTX-M型、TEM型、SHV型耐药基因均可见,CTX-M型多见,可见复合基因。结论大肠埃希菌耐药率高,应根据药敏及耐药基因合理使用抗菌药物。OBJECTIVE To study the drug resistance of Escherichia coli and the genotyping of extended-spectrum β- lactamases （ESBLs）. METHODS From Jan 2009 to Dec 2010, the drug resistance of 231 E. coli isolates was analyzed statistically as well as the genotyping of ESBLs. RESULTS The urine （43.29%） and sputum （22.08%） were the main sources of specimens; the resistance rates of E. coli to beta-lactam antibiotics as ampicillin （85.28%）, fluoroquinolones as eiprofloxacin （75. 76%）, aminoglycosides as gentamicin （52. 38%） were relatively high, while the resistance rates to carhapenem antibiotics as meropenem （4. 33%）, and antibiotics containing tazobactam laetam as cefoperazone/tazobactam （6.930%） were relatively low; the resistance genes like CTX-M, TEM, and SHV were visible, CTX-M more frequently and composite genes as well. CONCLUSION The drug resistance rate of E. coli is high, it is necessary to use antibiotics in accordance with drug susceptibility testing and the resistance genes.

关 键 词：大肠埃希菌 耐药性 产超广谱Β-内酰胺酶 基因分析 

分 类 号：R378.21[医药卫生—病原生物学]