铸造作业工人与工作有关疾病分析  

Analysis of Work-Related Diseases among Foundry Workers

作　　者：张敏[1] 吴琨[1] 杨少杰 

机构地区：[1]湖北东风汽车公司卫生防病中心,十堰市442000 [2]东风公司铸造一厂,十堰市442000

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2000年第4期224-227,共4页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：对铸造作业工人与工作有关疾病进行了 17年回顾性队列研究。结果表明 ,铸造工人呼吸性疾病、心脏病、高血压、消化性疾病、腰背痛以及关节炎的人年发病率明显高于对照组 ,RR值随铸造工龄而增加 ;对工种分析显示 ,“清理工”职业危害最严重 ,其次是“浇注工”、“造型工”和“配砂工” ;吸烟可使某些疾病的发病危险性增加。采取综合性治理措施后 ,除心脏病和高血压外 ,其他疾病人年发病率均明显降低。A retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate the regularities of work related diseases among foundry workers.The results showed that the incidences of respiratory diseases,hypertension,heart diseases,low back pain,arthritis and diseases of digestive system were significantly higher than those of controls at every level of working age groups and RRs increased with the increase of the working age.If the types of work in production were taken into account,the highest risk occurred among shake out and finishing workers,followed by molding sand preparation and pouring workers.Smoking could enhance the incidence of some diseases.The incidences of above mentioned diseases had significantly dropped after taking comprehensive measures except those of heart diseases and hypertension.

关 键 词：队列研究 铸造作业工人 职业病 工种 

分 类 号：R181.31[医药卫生—流行病学] R135.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]