立铣加工过程的三维有限元模拟  

3D FEM Simulations of the End-Milling Process

作　　者：杜茂华[1] 李露露[1] 白玉峰[1] 王神送[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学机电工程学院,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《中北大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第4期397-402,共6页Journal of North University of China(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：校人才培养基金资助项目(KKZ3201001007)

摘　　要：切削加工过程的模拟本质上是采用有限元方法求解非线性问题的过程,为了建立合理的金属切削有限元模拟模型,以实验中易于获得的45钢为研究对象,分析了材料本构关系、切屑与刀具间的摩擦、网格划分以及切屑分离准则等关键技术问题及其具体解决方法.利用软件ABAQUS建立了比以往直角和斜角切削更接近实际切削的热力耦合的45钢三维立铣有限元模型,动态模拟了其用高速钢刀具在常规速度下的铣削加工过程,得到了切屑形状及切削力各分量曲线并对其结果进行了分析,切削力模拟结果与实验结果有较好的一致性.研究说明,与实际加工过程相符的真正意义上的三维有限元模拟是可实现的,由此可对实际铣削加工中的切削力进行快捷的预测,并可进一步对合理切削工艺参数或刀具几何参数的确定提供依据.该研究也可拓展应用到其他材料切削过程的三维有限元模拟中.The simulation of the cutting process is substantially to use finite element method （FEM） to solve nonlinear problems. In order to establish a rational model of finite element simulation of metal cutting, 45 steel available for experiments is selected as the workpiece＇ s material, and several key technologies in FE modeling including the material constitutive equation, the friction situations between the chip and tool, meshing and chip separation criteria are focused. Three-dimensional （3D） end-milling finite element model of 45 steel, which is much superior to that of orthogonal or oblique cutting and considers thermo-mechanical coupling in software ABAQUS, is built. The milling processes of 45 steel with high-speed steel milling cutter at the conventional speeds are dynamically simulated, and the chip shape and cutting force component curves are obtained, which coincides with the experimental results under the same cutting conditions as the simulations. This suggests that 3D finite element simulations of cutting processes can be truly achieved, thus the cutting forces in practice can be rapidly predicted. Furthermore, this will be a basis of the determination of the reasonable machining parameters or tool geometric parameters. The method of this study can also be extended to the 3D FEM simulations of the mechnical cutting process of other materials.

关 键 词：铣削加工 三维 有限元模拟 切削力 切屑形状 

分 类 号：TG54[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]