北京市居民传染病相关知识知晓情况和获取途径  

Study on the relationship between the level of knowledge about infectious diseases and the route of information communication

作　　者：李海月[1] 杨鹏[1] 吴双胜[1] 马春娜[1] 张奕[1] 黎新宇[1] 王全意[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心传染病地方病控制所,北京100013

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2012年第8期700-703,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：国家863计划(2008AA02Z416)

摘　　要：目的了解北京市成年人传染病相关知识的知晓率和获取途径,为开展传染病相关健康教育提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层系统抽样,选取13 287名在北京连续居住超过半年以上、年满18周岁的成年人作为调查对象。使用自行设计调查问卷对其传染病相关的知识水平及获取途径进行调查。结果 "预防流感最有效措施"、"甲型肝炎传播途径"、"乙型肝炎传播途径"、"艾滋病传播途径"、"被狗咬伤后处理方法"和"发热判断标准"知识的知晓率均低于50%;随着文化程度的增加,大部分知识的知晓率呈现上升趋势;北京市成人获取传染病的途径主要为"电视"、"报纸或杂志"、"社区宣传"和"网络"等,且超过50%居民具有2条以上获取途径。结论北京市成年人传染病相关知识的知晓率仍较低,尤其是文化程度较低组,但获取途径较为多元化,应根据不同人群充分发挥各种途径的作用,以进一步提高居民传染病防控能力。Objective To investigate the relationship between the level of knowledge about infectious diseases and the route of information communication among adults in Beijing, so as to provide reference for infectious diseases prevention. Methods 13 287 residents aged over 18 years were recruited by using multi-level sampling from six districts in Beijing. The information on demographic characteristics, knowledge about infectious diseases and the route of information communication were collected using the self-designed questionnaire. Results Most of awareness rates of knowledge relating to infectious diseases were less than 50% , such as ＂vaccination is the most effective measures to prevent influenza＂, ＂the transmission of hepatitis B, hepatitis A or HIV＂, ＂after the treatment of dog bites＂ , ＂the definition of fever＂ ; Most of rates of knowledge about infectious diseases were increasing with the education levels. There were four main routes of information communication： ＂TV＂, ＂newspaper or magazine＂, ＂Community outreach＂ and ＂network＂, two or more of which were provided with for more than 50% adults in Beijing City. Conclusions The comprehensive of related knowledge of disease for adults is still low currently in Beijing, especially the lower-educational group of adults, so it is necessary to strengthen infectious diseases related health education for the adults. The approach to related knowledge of disease is diversification, in contrast, its coefficient of utilization is weak. According to different types of people, sufficiently make use of all aspects of different medium is helpful to step ahead to improve the capacity of disease control and prevention.

关 键 词：传染病 成年人 知识 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学] R51[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]