公司交通政策的最佳实践——以比利时为例  

On the Mobility Policies of Companies:What are the Good Practices? The Belgian Case

作　　者：Laurent Van Malderen Bart Jourquin Isabelle Thomas Thomas Vanoutrive Ann Verhetsel Frank Witlox 张宇[5] 

机构地区：[1]天主教鲁汶大学鲁汶管理学院 [2]天主教鲁汶大学运筹学与计量经济学中心及地理学院 [3]安特卫普大学交通与区域经济系 [4]根特大学地理系 [5]中国城市规划设计研究院,北京100037

出　　处：《城市交通》2012年第4期79-90,共12页Urban Transport of China

基　　金：在ADICCT项目(公司控制并减少通勤交通方案的评价和制定)范围内开展的;由可持续发展科学研究项目中的比利时科学政策项目提供资金支持

摘　　要：公司是通勤交通的主要创造者,在与交通相关的讨论中,公司扮演着重要角色。近几年,公司提出了多种政策措施,以改善员工的出行条件,但其愿景与行动通常被研究文献所忽视。为了讨论比利时公司在交通政策方面的最佳实践,分析了现有研究成果和比利时的两次大规模通勤交通调查。首先,对公司进行分类,以便确定在推广替代交通方式方面受员工欢迎的公司。然后,通过量化分析确定交通政策的最佳实践。结果显示,最佳替代交通方式取决于公司特征;自行车交通最适合小型工作场所,大型工作场所和位于建筑密集区或市中心的公司则更适合推广公共交通;在公司交通管理中,财务激励、设施提供、信息传播和停车管理均起重要作用。Companies play an important role in the mo- bility debate as they can be considered as the primary ＇ creators＇ of commuting traffic. In recent years, compa- nies have developed a variety of initiatives to improve the mobility of their employees, although their visions and actions are often neglected in the research litera- ture. This paper aims at identifying the good practice in mobility policies of workplaces located in Belgium. To achieve this objective, existing research and two large-scale Belgian surveys of commuting are analysed. First, workplaces are clustered in order to identify those where the alternative modes of transport which are pro- moted by the policy are popular among employees. Then, quantitative analyses are performed to find out what are the good practices of mobility policies. The re- sults show that the best way of promoting an alternative mode of transport depends on company＇ s characteris- tics. The promotion of bicycles is most appropriate for small workplaces, while larger workplaces and those lo- cated in built-up areas or city centres are more suitable for the promotion of public transport. Financial incen- tives, provision of facilities, diffusion of information and parking management all play an important role in mobility management.

关 键 词：通勤交通 雇主交通计划 可持续交通 

分 类 号：F575.64[经济管理—产业经济]