采用高精度自动定心机构的大尺寸内径测量  

Large-scale inner diameter measurement with high precision automatic centering device

作　　者：邢书剑[1] 曲兴华[1] 王晟[1] 赵士磊[1] 刘柏灵[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学精密测试技术及仪器国家重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2012年第8期1681-1687,共7页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

基　　金：国家863计划(2008AA042410);天津市自然科学基金(12JCYBJC11000)资助项目

摘　　要：圆心定位精度是非接触式大尺寸内径自动测量系统的重要参数,高精度圆心定位是提高系统测量精度的关键。研制了具有高精度自动定心机构的大尺寸内径测量系统,利用双椎体主轴同步定心方法实现测量系统在被测轴孔内高精度自动定心,并通过调节定心支撑臂长度提高圆心定位精度。利用最小平方中值法剔除粗大误差,再利用最小二乘法拟合测量结果,提高了内径拟合精度。使用设计的大尺寸内径测量系统样机对内径直径582 mm的标准环规进行测量,并在大型工件加工现场进行了验证。实验结果表明,本系统的圆心定位精度可达0.012 8 mm,内径和圆度的测量精度可达0.001 mm,标准环规测量重复性稳定在0.006 mm以内,现场测量重复性稳定在0.007 mm以内,能够正确反映大尺寸轴孔的内径和圆度参数,满足测量要求。Center location precision is an important parameter in noncontact largescale inner diameter automatic measurement system, and high precision center location is the key to improve the measurement accuracy. A large scale inner diameter measurement system with automatic high precision center location mechanism is designed. The high accuracy automatic centering of the measurement system is achieved using a sychronized dual vertebral main shaft centering device, and the center location precision is improved through adjusting the length of the center arms. The fitting precision is significantly increased by means of least median square algorithm to reject the rough outliers; and least square method is used to fit the measurement result, which improves the inner diameter fitting precision. Using the designed prototype measurement system, a standard ring gauge with 582 mm inner diameter was tested and verified in the large scale workpiece machining field. Experiment results show that the center location precision is up to 0. 012 8 mm, and the inner diameter and roundness measurement precisions are up to 0. 001 mm. Meanwhile, the repeatability of the standard ring gauge measurement keeps stably within 0. 006 mm, and the repeatability of the field measurement is less than 0. 007 mm. The inner diameter and roundness of the largescale inner diameter shaft hole can be correctly obtained, which meets the measurement requirements.

关 键 词：大尺寸内径 自动定心 圆心定位 内径拟合 

分 类 号：TH741[机械工程—光学工程]