土壤含水量对温室樱桃番茄生长发育及果实品质的影响  

Effects of soil moisture on growth and fruit quality of greenhouse cherry tomato

作　　者：武慧平[1] 朱铭强[2] 张盼盼[3] 王富刚[1] 亢福仁[1] 卜耀军[1] 

机构地区：[1]榆林学院生命科学学院,陕西榆林719000 [2]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2012年第4期32-36,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：陕西省交通厅项目(05Hx01);榆林市科技计划项目(nygg200806);陕西省教育厅科学研究计划项目(11JK0652)

摘　　要：以樱桃番茄红宝石为研究材料，以5个梯度的土壤含水量(分别为田间持水量的40％ ～50％ 、50％ ～60％ 、60％ ～70％ 、70％ ～80％和80％ ～90％)进行处理后，测定并分析植株生长状况、果实品质、产量和水分利用效率的变化规律。结果表明：在土壤含水量为田间持水量的70％ ～80％ 时，同化物在樱桃番茄上积累的最多，产量最高，为6．25 kg／m2；在土壤含水量为田间持水量的60％ ～70％ 时，樱桃番茄果实品质的各项指标均达到最大值，其中Vc、可溶性糖和干物质的含量分别为652．2 rng／kg，72．8 g／kg，71．8 g／kg，可溶性固形物占总质量的9．8％ ，水分利用率也最大，为13．9 kg／In 。综合分析水分对植株生长发育、果实品质、水分利用效率和产量的影响，认为土壤含水量为田间持水量的60％ ～70％ ，可以作为樱桃番茄生长期间理想的土壤水分控制指标。The influence of soil moisture on the house cherry tomato （Lycopersicon esculentum Mill） growth, fruit shape, fruit quality and water use efficiency of green- was studied to select the the optimum soil moisture in order to pro- vide basis theoretical support for rational watering in cultivating process of greenhouse cherry tomato. Ruby cherry tomato was used as the object of study by five soil moisture levels （with field capacity of 40% ~ 50%, 50% - 60%, 60% - 70 %, 70 % ~ 80 % and 80 % ~ 90 % ） to measure the change rule of plant growth, fruit quality, yield and water use ef- ficiency. The results indicated that the highest output was 6.25 kg/m2 when the most hydrates were accumulated of greenhouse cherry tomato in the field capacity of soil moisture content 70 % - 80 % conditions. When soil moisture ac- counted for 60 % - 70 % of the field capacity, every quality indicators reached the maximum： ie. Vc 652.2 mg/kg, sol- uble sugar 72.8 g/kg, and dry matter content 71.8 g/kg respectively. The proportion of soluble solid was 9.8% and water use efficiency in the conditions was also the largest （13.9 kg/m3） . Taking into consideration of the effects of soil moisture on the growth, fruit quality, water utility efficiency and fruit yield, the field capacity of 60% -70% could be used as an ideal soil moisture indicator of greenhouse cherry tomato.

关 键 词：土壤含水量 温室樱桃番茄 生长发育 果实品质 水分利用率 

分 类 号：S626.5[农业科学—园艺学] Q945.17[生物学—植物学]