双水相萃取分离苦参生物碱  

Separation of Alkaloids in Sophora flavescens Ait.by Aqueous Two-phase Extraction

作　　者：刘小琴[1] 张薇[2] 范华均[1] 王李平[1] 黄晓文[1] 冯颖[1] 朱丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东药学院药科学院,广东广州510006 [2]广东药学院基础学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《过程工程学报》2012年第4期641-647,共7页The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering

基　　金：广州市科技支撑计划基金资助项目(编号:2008Z1-E301);广东药学院师资队伍建设基金资助项目(编号:52104109)

摘　　要：用乙醇、聚乙二醇和TritonX-100与硫酸铵等无机盐构建双水相体系,研究了各体系的形成过程与性质及对氧化苦参碱和苦参碱的萃取性能,发现乙醇/硫酸铵双水相体系稳定、分相快、萃取率高,更适合苦参生物碱的萃取;对其萃取条件的优化结果表明,乙醇和硫酸铵分别为38%(ω)和18%(ω),体系pH值为7.0,30℃下搅拌萃取15min,氧化苦参碱与苦参碱的分配系数和萃取率分别为4.46和5.10,96.17%和95.74%.在苦参的水提取液中直接用该体系萃取分离氧化苦参碱、氧化槐果碱、槐定碱、苦参碱及槐果碱5种生物碱,萃取率为91.03%～94.46%,三级错流总萃取率为97.22%～98.78%;该体系用于苦参生物碱的纯化,可显著减小杂质含量,苦参碱含量可提高1倍以上,其焓变△H0和熵变△S0均大于0,且△G0<0,表明萃取过程为吸热熵增的自发过程.Using ethanol,polyethylene glycol and Triton X-100 combined with inorganic salts separately,several aqueous two-phase systems were developed,including ethanol/（NH4）2SO4 and PEG/（NH4）2SO4,and Their properties and capacities investigated.The results showed that ethanol/（NH4）2SO4 system easily formed,being stable for fast and high rate extraction of alkaloids such as oxymatrine and matrine.The effects of amounts of ethanol and（NH4）2SO4,pH value,temperature and extraction time were optimized further for the ethanol/（NH4）2SO4 system.Their optimal values were 38%（ω） of ethanol,18%（ω） of（NH4）2SO4,pH=7.0,30℃,and 15 min under electromagnetic stirring.The partition coefficient K and extraction rate for oxymatrine and matrine were up to 4.46 and 5.10,and 96.17% and 95.74%,respectively.Adding a certain amount of ethanol and（NH4）2SO4 in the sample extracted by water,the aqueous two-phase system directly formed for extraction of oxymatrine,N-oxysophocarpine,sophoridine,matrine and sophocarpine from it.The first extraction rate of five alkaloids was between 91.03% and 94.46%,and total extraction rate from 97.22% to 98.78% after three times of extraction.Ethanol/（NH4）2SO4 system was successfully applied to purify alkaloids in the aqueous sample extracted from Sophorae flavescens Ait.The relative contents of alkaloids above were increased by more than one times,and those of impurities removed significantly.The extraction of alkaloids was a spontaneous process of endothermic and entropy increase because of less than zero of △H0,greater than zero of △S0 and less than zero of △G0,respectively.

关 键 词：双水相萃取 生物碱 苦参 高效液相色谱法 

分 类 号：O652.62[理学—分析化学] R284.2[理学—化学]