不同生境下栓皮栎伐桩萌苗的生长特征及在种群更新中的作用  

Features of Quercus variabilis Stump Sprouting and Its Contribution to Population Regeneration in Different Habitats

作　　者：薛瑶芹[1,2] 张文辉[2] 马莉薇[2] 马闯[2] 周建云[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,杨凌712100 [2]西部环境与生态教育部重点实验室,杨凌712100

出　　处：《林业科学》2012年第7期23-29,共7页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30872018)

摘　　要：以秦岭北坡发育良好的栓皮栎林为研究对象,对比分析不同生境条件下(林内、林窗、林缘)栓皮栎伐桩萌苗在种群更新中的地位以及环境条件对伐桩萌发能力、萌苗数量和萌苗生长的影响。结果表明:1)研究区域中存在3种起源的栓皮栎幼苗,分别为伐桩萌苗、实生苗和主干基部萌苗;2)伐桩萌苗在不同生境中对种群更新的贡献不同,在林内,种群更新以伐桩萌苗和实生苗为主,林窗和林缘的种群更新主要依靠伐桩萌苗;3)生境条件对伐桩的萌芽能力、萌苗的保存率和生长产生影响,林窗和林缘的伐桩萌芽能力较强,但萌苗枯死率也相对较高;萌苗在林窗中生长最好,其高度、基径、叶面积和地上生物量均大于林缘和林内的萌苗;4)林窗对栓皮栎的伐桩萌芽更新较为有利,在更新不良的栓皮栎次生林中适当间伐,开辟林窗,有利于栓皮栎种群更新。Quercus variabilis is an important constructive species in the warm temperate and the subtropical forests in China, and it is also a resource tree for tannin and cork. Most of natural Q. variabilis forests in China have degenerated to secondary forests after long time overexploitation. Lack of regeneration resource as well as low productivity is among the worst problems for the forests. Therefore, it is crucial to clearly understand how to promote population and forest regeneration to recover the secondary forests. Stump sprouting is an important type of vegetative regeneration of Q. variabilis. In order to understand the role of stump sprouts in population regeneration in different habitats, 25 plots, distributed in forest gap, forest edge and understory of Louguantai, Zhouzhi county, Shaanxi Province, were set to investigate the influence of different environment conditions on the sprouting ability, survival rate and growth features in July 2009. The results showed： 1 ） There were three kinds of regeneration recruits in the research area, named as seedlings, stump sprouts and stem sprouts, among which stump sprouts were the main asexual recruits. 2） Stump sprouting contributed differently to the population regeneration in different habitats. In forest understory, both stump sprouts and seedlings were dominant regeneration recruits, while in forest gap and forest edge, stump sprouts were the most dominant recruits. 5） Habitats conditions, especially the illumination, affected stump sprouting ability, survival rate and growth characteristics of stump sprouts. Stumps in forest gaps had greater sprouting ability, however the sprouts had greater dead rate compared with those in forest understory and forest edge. The sprouting seedlings, in terms of base diameter, height, leaf area and aboveground biomass, grew best. g） Forest gaps were a friendly habitat which was beneficial for stump sprouting and sprouting seedlings growth compared with forest understory and forest edge, thus appropriately thinning cutti

关 键 词：栓皮栎 伐桩萌苗 林内、林窗、林缘 生长特性 种群更新 

分 类 号：S718.54[农业科学—林学]