塔里木盆地塔北隆起中-新生界伸展构造及其成因探讨  

Mesozoic-Cenozoic extensional structure in North Uplift of Tarim basin and its genetic discussion

作　　者：赵岩[1] 李曰俊[1] 孙龙德[2] 郑多明[3] 刘亚雷[1] 王道轩[4] 魏红兴[3] 管文胜[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029 [2]中国石油天然气股份有限公司,北京100007 [3]中国石油塔里木油田分公司,库尔勒841000 [4]合肥工业大学,合肥230009

出　　处：《岩石学报》2012年第8期2557-2568,共12页Acta Petrologica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技重大专项项目(2011ZX05028-003);国家自然科学基金项目(40972085);国家“973”项目(2006CB202301);中石油塔里木油田联合资助

摘　　要：中-新生代伸展构造一直是中亚地区地质研究的薄弱环节。作为中亚地区的一个重要的中新生代沉积盆地,塔里木盆地也不例外。精细的地震资料解释发现,塔里木盆地塔北隆起发育大量中-新生代伸展构造。这些伸展构造由一系列规模不大的正断层组成。这些小型正断层往往构成左阶或右阶式雁列束,平面上,组成多条张扭性正断层带;剖面组合形态则是小型堑-垒构造或阶梯状正断层束。根据伸展构造的空间展布、构造样式、组合关系、形成演化时间和成因分析,可以划分出侏罗纪-白垩纪早期和白垩纪晚期-新近纪两期伸展构造。前者是南天山碰撞造山后应力松弛阶段的产物,后者的成因是喜马拉雅碰撞造山作用远程效应引起的塔里木相对于南天山向东偏南方向的构造逃逸。Study on Mesozoic and Cenozoic extensional structure deformation is a weak part in Central Asian geological research. As one of the important Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary basins, the research about Tarim basin has no exception. Some fine seismic interpretation shows that a large number of extensional tectonics which are composed of a set of small normal faults arise in Mesozoic and Cenozoic in northern Tarim basin. The small normal faults are clearly seen to array in en ethlon form, composing a series of fracture belts in planes, and their pattern in profile is a ladder and graben or horst. Based on their spatial distribution, structural styles, composite relations, the ages of growth strata, and genetic mechanism, the formation of normal faults can be divided into two phases ： Jurassic-Early Cretaceous and Late Cretaceous-Neogene extensional tectonics. The former is a product of the stress releasing after the orogenic period of southern Tianshan, and the latter is caused by the escaping structures of Tarim basin towards east by south relative to South Tianshan, which were produced by the long distance effect of Himalayan collisional orogeny.

关 键 词：塔里木盆地 中-新生代伸展构造 张扭性断层带 侏罗纪-白垩纪早期 白垩纪晚期-新近纪 造山后应力松弛 构造逃逸 地震剖面 

分 类 号：P542.2[天文地球—构造地质学]